tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-91603319250446872052024-03-18T20:42:59.704-07:00Wheelock Genealogy<center>Musings, insights, and rambles on the Wheelock surname.</center>Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.comBlogger6125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9160331925044687205.post-36496236537039338382021-10-15T04:49:00.001-07:002021-10-15T04:56:21.380-07:00Correcting Mistakes About Zedekiah Drury of Temple, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Math/DTD/mathml2/xhtml-math11-f.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><!--This file was converted to xhtml by LibreOffice - see https://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/core/tree/filter/source/xslt for the code.--><head profile="http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8"/><title xml:lang="en-US">- no title specified</title><meta name="DCTERMS.title" content="" xml:lang="en-US"/><meta name="DCTERMS.language" content="en-US" scheme="DCTERMS.RFC4646"/><meta name="DCTERMS.source" content="http://xml.openoffice.org/odf2xhtml"/><meta name="DCTERMS.creator" content="Rick Sullivan"/><meta name="DCTERMS.issued" content="2021-10-13T14:06:34.317000000" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF"/><meta name="DCTERMS.contributor" content="Rick Sullivan"/><meta name="DCTERMS.modified" content="2021-10-15T07:40:32.148000000" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF"/><meta name="DCTERMS.provenance" content="" xml:lang="en-US"/><meta name="DCTERMS.subject" content="," xml:lang="en-US"/><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" hreflang="en"/><link rel="schema.DCTERMS" href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" hreflang="en"/><link rel="schema.DCTYPE" href="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/" hreflang="en"/><link rel="schema.DCAM" href="http://purl.org/dc/dcam/" hreflang="en"/><style type="text/css">
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</style></head><body dir="ltr" style="max-width:8.5in;margin-top:1in; margin-bottom:1in; margin-left:1in; margin-right:1in; "><p class="P19"> </p><p class="P19">Roderick B. Sullivan, Jr.</p><p class="P19">rbsullivanjr@gmail.com</p><p class="P19">13 October 2021</p><p class="P19"> </p><p class="P38">[Note: A PDF version of this article can be downloaded <a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/downloads/ZedekiahDrury.pdf" class="Internet_20_link">here</a>.]</p><p class="P40"> </p><div class="P20">Zedekiah Drury was born in Framingham, Middlesex County, Massachusetts on 30 April 1716,<span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Thomas W. Baldwin, Vital Records of Framingham, Massachusetts, To the Year 1850 (Boston: Wright & Potter, 1911), p. 60; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsoffr00fram/page/60 : accessed 23 Jan 2020)."><a href="#ftn1" id="body_ftn1"><sup>1</sup></a></span> the son of Caleb Drury and Elizabeth Eames.<span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: For maiden name of mother, see Baldwin, Vital Records of Framingham, p. 270, Drury-Eames."><a href="#ftn2" id="body_ftn2"><sup>2</sup></a></span> <span class="T98">Beyond that, there is much confusion</span> about Zedekiah Drury on the internet - a reflection of mistakes that were published in early town histories and early Drury genealogies. Specifically, the following facts about Zedekiah's life are often mistaken:</div><ul><li><div class="P41" style="margin-left:0cm;"><span class="Bullet_20_Symbols" style="display:block;float:left;min-width:0.635cm;">•</span><span class="T23">The identity of his second wife, Hannah Woolley. Repeating </span><span class="T81">mistakes</span><span class="T23"> in </span><span class="T6">The History of Framingham</span><span class="T21">,</span><span class="T23"> his second wife is often identified as Hannah Flagg, daughter of Ebenezer Flagg of Woburn.</span><span class="T23"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: J. H. Temple, History of Framingham, Massachusetts (Framingham, Massachusetts : Town of Framingham, 1887), p. 527; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/historyofframing00templ/page/526 : accessed 20 January 2020)."><a href="#ftn3" id="body_ftn3"><sup>3</sup></a></span></span><span class="odfLiEnd"/> </div></li><li><div class="P41" style="margin-left:0cm;"><span class="Bullet_20_Symbols" style="display:block;float:left;min-width:0.635cm;">•</span><span class="T23">His death date is often given as 177</span><span class="T34">6</span><span class="T23">, repeating </span><span class="T81">mistakes</span><span class="T23"> found in </span><span class="T6">An Account of some Early Settlers of West Dunstable, Hollis, and Monson, N.H.</span><span class="T6"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Charles S. Spaulding, An Account of some Early Settlers of West Dunstable, Hollis, and Monson, N.H. (Nashua, New Hampshire: Telegraph Press, 1915), Biography of Zedekiah Drury, p. 33; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/anaccountsomeea00spaugoog/page/n42 : accessed 20 January 2020)."><a href="#ftn4" id="body_ftn4"><sup>4</sup></a></span></span><span class="T23"> In fact, he lived until at least 13 September 1790, when he and his wife Hannah signed a deed in Temple, New Hampshire</span><span class="T35"> (see below)</span><span class="T23">.</span><span class="odfLiEnd"/> </div></li></ul><p class="P22"><span class="T23">The correct information about the </span><span class="T24">wives</span><span class="T23"> of Zedekiah Drury can be found in the following </span><span class="T6">New England Historical and Genealogical Register</span><span class="T23"> article:</span></p><ul><li><p class="P36" style="margin-left:0cm;"><span class="Bullet_20_Symbols" style="display:block;float:left;min-width:0.635cm;">•</span>Irene Cynthia Gould, "Christopher Woolley of Concord, Mass. and Some of His Descendants," <span class="T2">New England Historical and Genealogical Register</span> Vol. 75 (January 1921), p. 31-2.<span class="odfLiEnd"/> </p></li></ul><p class="P21">This earlier <span class="T2">Register</span> article accurately identifies his first wife, but says nothing further about him:</p><ul><li><p class="P36" style="margin-left:0cm;"><span class="Bullet_20_Symbols" style="display:block;float:left;min-width:0.635cm;">•</span>S. J. Axtell, "The Axtell Family in America," <span class="T2">New England Historical and Genealogical Register</span> Vol. 53 (1899), p. 228.<span class="odfLiEnd"/> </p></li></ul><p class="P20"><span class="T42">T</span>hese articles<span class="T42">, however,</span> do not cite sources. To fill in this gap, the sources and proof arguments will be discussed below.</p><h2 class="P33"><a id="a__The_Wives_of_Zedekiah_Drury"><span/></a>The Wives of Zedekiah Drury</h2><div class="P23"><span class="T42">There is general agreement that the first wife of Zedekiah Drury was Hannah Axtell, daughter of Thomas Axtell and Sarah Barker.</span><span class="T42"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: S. J. Axtell, "The Axtell Family in America," New England Historical and Genealogical Register Vol. 53 (1899), p. 228."><a href="#ftn5" id="body_ftn5"><sup>5</sup></a></span></span><span class="T42"> They were married 20 July 1738 in Sutton, Worcester County, Massachusetts.</span><span class="T42"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Vital Records of Grafton, Massachusetts To the End of the Year 1849 (Worcester, Massachusetts: Franklin P. Rice, 1906), p. 196; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofgr00graft/page/196 : accessed 23 Jan 2020)."><a href="#ftn6" id="body_ftn6"><sup>6</sup></a></span></span><span class="T42"> Zedekiah and his wife moved to Bedford, Middlesex County, Massachusetts sometime around 14 March 1738/9 when Zedekiah Drury, blacksmith, "of Sutton" purchased 36 acres with dwelling house in Bedford.</span><span class="T42"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Middlesex County Deeds, 41:144, dated 14 March 1738/39, Amos Davis to Zedekiah Drury "of Sutton," image 84 online at FamilySearch.org."><a href="#ftn7" id="body_ftn7"><sup>7</sup></a></span></span><span class="T42"> Hannah died in Bedford on 11 January 1739/40.</span><span class="T42"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Vital Records of Bedford, Massachusetts, To the Year 1850 (Boston, Mass. : New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1903) p. 119; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofbe00bedf/page/118/mode/2up : accessed 23 January 2020)."><a href="#ftn8" id="body_ftn8"><sup>8</sup></a></span></span></div><div class="P24"><span class="T45">The</span><span class="T73">re</span><span class="T45"> </span><span class="T60">is less agreement about</span><span class="T45"> his second wife. The Bedford vital records, however, seem quite clear that his second wife was Hannah Woolley. About a year after Hannah (Axtell) Drury died, Zedekiah Drury married Hannah Woolley in Bedford on 2 April 1741.</span><span class="T45"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Vital Records of Bedford, Massachusetts, To the Year 1850, p. 72."><a href="#ftn9" id="body_ftn9"><sup>9</sup></a></span></span><span class="T45"> The proximity of records suggests that </span><span class="T47">she</span><span class="T45"> was the Hannah Woolley who was born in nearby Concord, Middlesex County, Massachusetts on 29 March 1722, daughter of "Thomas Woolley and Mary his wife."</span><span class="T45"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Concord Massachusetts: Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1635 - 1850 (Boston: Beacon Press, 1895), p, 123, online at Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/concordmassachus00conc/page/122/mode/2up : accessed 13 October 2021)."><a href="#ftn10" id="body_ftn10"><sup>10</sup></a></span></span><span class="T45"> Hannah probably lived in the portion of Concord that was incorporated into Bedford in 1729, which would have made her a neighbor of Zedekiah Drury, and given the two plenty of opportunity to meet and form a relationship.</span><span class="T46"> </span><span class="T47">This premise is supported by a </span><span class="T48">4 April 1757 </span><span class="T47">deed</span><span class="T48"> in which Zedekiah Drury purchased land in Bedford abutting that of Thomas Woolley.</span><span class="T48"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Middlesex County Deeds, 54:587, dated 4 April 1757, Peter Fassett to Zedekiah Drury, image 302 at FamilySearch.org."><a href="#ftn11" id="body_ftn11"><sup>11</sup></a></span></span></div><div class="P25"><span class="T50">While the Bedford vital records point </span><span class="T76">directly </span><span class="T50">to Hannah Woolley as the second wife of Zedekiah Drury, the vital records of Woburn and the probate records of Middlesex County, Massachusetts rule out the claim that Zedekiah Drury</span><span class="T73"> married Hannah Flagg, daughter of Ebenezer of Woburn</span><span class="T50">. In fact, the Woburn marriage records indicate that </span><span class="T76">Hannah Flagg</span><span class="T50"> married Nathaniel Reed in Woburn on 3 October 1733.</span><span class="T50"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Edward F. Johnson, Woburn Records of Births, Deaths, and Marriages, From 1640 to 1873, 3 Volumes (Boston: Winship, Daniels & Company, 1891), Vol. 3, p. 220, online at Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb03wobu/page/220/mode/2up : accessed 13 Oct 2021)."><a href="#ftn12" id="body_ftn12"><sup>12</sup></a></span></span><span class="T50"> The Middlesex County probate records are consistent with the marriage record. On 14 July 1746 the children of Ebenezer Flagg of Woburn petitioned the probate court to allow their fathers will. Amongst the signatories were Hannah Reed and Nathaniel Reed.</span><span class="T50"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: "Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648-1871," database with images, AmericanAncestors.org (https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1648-1871 : accessed 15 Jan 2020), case 7747, Ebenezer Flagg of Woburn, image 2; Middlesex County Probate and Family Court, Cambridge, Massachusetts."><a href="#ftn13" id="body_ftn13"><sup>13</sup></a></span></span><span class="T50"> Hannah (Flagg) Reed was still married to Nathaniel Reed when he died in 1748. She was appointed administrator of his estate on 26 </span><span class="T50">December </span><span class="T83">of that year</span><span class="T50">.</span><span class="T50"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: "Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648-1871," database with images, AmericanAncestors (https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1648-1871 : accessed 15 Jan 2020), case 18572, Nathaniel Reed of Woburn, widow Hannah administrator of his estate, image 8; Middlesex County Probate and Family Court, Cambridge, Massachusetts."><a href="#ftn14" id="body_ftn14"><sup>14</sup></a></span></span><span class="T50"> These records preclude the possibility that she married Zedekiah Drury anytime between 3 October 1733 and 26 December 1748. </span></div><div class="P25">Nor is there room for Hannah to have wed Zedekiah Drury after the 1748 death of her first husband. On 2 December 1749, she <span class="T74">published</span> intention to marry Nathan Simonds in Woburn.<span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Edward F. Johnson, Woburn Record of Births, Deaths, Marriages, Part 10, Marriage Intentions, December 2, 1699 to December 31, 1890 (Woburn: E. L. Grimes, 1919), p. 142, Mrs. Hannah Reed and Nathan Simonds, both of Woburn; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb01wobu/page/142 : accessed 21 January 2020)."><a href="#ftn15" id="body_ftn15"><sup>15</sup></a></span><span class="T53"> </span>She died <span class="T60">in Woburn on </span>2 October 1760, <span class="T60">while still married to Nathan Simonds.</span><span class="T60"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: E. F. Johnson, Woburn Records of Births, Deaths, and Marriages From 1640 to 1873, Vol 2., p. 177, death of Hannah Simonds, wife of Mr. Nathan, 2 Oct 1760; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb04wobu/page/176 : accessed 21 January 2020)."><a href="#ftn16" id="body_ftn16"><sup>16</sup></a></span></span></div><h2 class="P34"><a id="a__The_Death_Date_of_Zedekiah_Drury"><span/></a>The Death Date of Zedekiah Drury</h2><div class="P29"><span class="T88">The death date for Zedekiah Drury, Sr. is often given as 177</span><span class="T89">6</span><span class="T90">.</span><span class="T90"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: See, for example, Spaulding, An Account of some Early Settlers of West Dunstable, Hollis, and Monson, N.H. (Nashua, New Hampshire: Telegraph Press, 1915), p. 33."><a href="#ftn17" id="body_ftn17"><sup>17</sup></a></span></span><span class="T88"> To understand wh</span><span class="T89">y</span><span class="T88"> that is incorrect, it is necessary to understand that he moved to Temple, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire</span><span class="T91">, where land records reveal a more accurate bound on his death</span><span class="T88">. </span><span class="T92">A series of land transactions</span><span class="T88">, described below,</span><span class="T92"> traces </span><span class="T93">the</span><span class="T92"> moves </span><span class="T93">of Zedekiah Drury </span><span class="T92">from Bedford to Dunstable, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, then to Temple. </span></div><div class="P30"><span class="T87">By </span><span class="T92">25 March </span><span class="T87">1743, Zedekiah Drury had moved </span><span class="T92">to </span><span class="T87">Dunstable, New Hampshire. </span><span class="T92">On that date</span><span class="T87">, Zedekiah Drury, blacksmith, “of a place called Dunstable </span><span class="T94">in the Province of </span><span class="T87">New Hampshire” sold his Bedford land holdings.</span><span class="T87"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Middlesex County Deeds 47:149, dated 25 March 1743, Zedekiah Drury, of Dunstable, New Hampshire, to Amos Lawrence, image 263 at FamilySearch.org."><a href="#ftn18" id="body_ftn18"><sup>18</sup></a></span></span><span class="T87"> </span><span class="T95">Dunstable was dissolved into several towns in New Hampshire, including Hollis, which received it’s charter in 1746.</span><span class="T95"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Hollis Historical Society, http://www.hollishistoricalsociety.org/history-of-hollis-new-hampshire.html "><a href="#ftn19" id="body_ftn19"><sup>19</sup></a></span></span><span class="T95"> </span><span class="T96">By 1745, Zedekiah Drury referred to himself as “of Hollis” in his land sales, and continued to do so until 1769, when he </span><span class="T97">began to refer to himself as “of Temple.”</span><span class="T96"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: At FamilySearch.org: Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Deeds, 58:102, image 337, dated 12 November 1745, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, blacksmith, to Enoch Hunt of Hollis, tract of land in Narragansett township 6, also 54:587, image 302, dated 4 April 1757, Peter Fassett to Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, blacksmith, two tracts of land in Bedford, also 57:91, image 49, dated 4 May 1757, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, blacksmith, and wife Hannah, to Joseph Brown, two tracts of land in Bedford; Worcester County, Massachusetts, Deeds, 76:117, image 323, dated 8 December 1761, Ephraim Blood of Hollis to Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, gentleman, tract of land in Narragansett township 6, also 78:302, image 160, dated 24 December 1761, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, gentleman, to William Fletcher, tract of land in Narragansett township 6; Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, Deeds, 5:94, image 52, dated 29 November 1765, James Foster of Hollis to Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, tract of land in Peterborough Slip (now Temple), also 1:527, image 281, dated 17 June 1766, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, gentleman, to Samuel Hobart, pew in Hollis meeting house, also 3:604, image 306, dated 13 Mar 1769, Zedekiah Drury of Temple, gentleman, to Town of Temple, 2 1/2 acres in Temple."><a href="#ftn20" id="body_ftn20"><sup>20</sup></a></span></span><span class="T96"> </span><span class="T65">The 1775 </span><span class="T66">census of Temple lists Captain Zedekiah Drury, Zedekiah Drury, Jr., and Gershom Drury -</span><span class="T67"> the latter two being children of Zedekiah Drury, both born in Bedford.</span><span class="T66"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Henry Ames Blood, The History of Temple, N.H. (Boston : Geo. C. Rand & Avery, 1869), p. 101-2; database with images, Archive.org (https://archive.org/details/historyoftemplen00bloo/page/100/mode/2up : accessed 15 Jan 2020). See also Vital Records of Bedford, Massachusetts, To the Year 1850, p. 21 for births of Zedekiah and Gershom."><a href="#ftn21" id="body_ftn21"><sup>21</sup></a></span></span></div><div class="P26"><span class="T85">Zedekiah was active in the town affairs of Temple, where he and his wife Hannah raised their children. His son, Zedekiah, Jr., who had married Mary Wheelock in Charlton, Worcester County, Massachusetts</span><span class="T86">,</span><span class="T86"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, Ancestry.com (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2495 : accessed 23 Jan 2020), Charlton Births, Deaths, Purpose of Marriage 1742-1801, Book 1, p. 111, "purpose of marriage between Zedekiah Drury of Temple and Mary Wheelock of Charlton," image 67 of 1179; for marriage see Franklin P. Rice, Vital Records of Charlton, Massachusetts, To the End of the Year 1849, (Boston: F. H. Gilson, 1905), p. 151, online at Archive.org."><a href="#ftn22" id="body_ftn22"><sup>22</sup></a></span></span><span class="T85"> was a soldier in the Revolutionary War and had died before 27 November 1776, when</span><span class="T77"> his father and widow were appointed administrators of his estate.</span><span class="T77"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: “New Hampshire County Probate Records, 1660-1973, Hillsborough County, 1771-1777, Vol 1-2,” database with images, FamilySearch.org (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9WH-LQBQ : accessed 25 January 2020), Zedekiah Drury administration of estate, vol. 2, pg. 473 and 509, 27 Nov 1776; Hillsborough County, New Hampshire deeds, Nashua. "><a href="#ftn23" id="body_ftn23"><sup>23</sup></a></span></span><span class="T77"> This may be where the mistaken 177</span><span class="T82">6</span><span class="T77"> death date for Zedekiah, Sr. comes from. </span>But a Hillsborough County, New Hampshire deed, <span class="T80">signed by Zedekiah and his wife Hannah on</span> 13 Sep<span class="T77">tember</span> 1790, proves <span class="T77">that Zedekiah and his wife lived until at least that date</span>. In this deed, Zedekiah Drury "of Temple" and his wife Hannah sold all their "right title interest and claim" to a parcel of land in Temple.<span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, deed book 23, p. 369, Zedekiah Drury (with wife Hannah), of Temple, to Thomas Perkins, deed signed 13 Sep 1790, Registry of Deeds, Nashua, New Hampshire; "Hillsborough County, Register of Deeds," database with images, FamilySearch.org (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSRH-X3W9-D : accessed 22 Jan 2020)."><a href="#ftn24" id="body_ftn24"><sup>24</sup></a></span></div><div class="P27"><span class="T74">The whereabouts of Zedekiah after that date </span><span class="T75">is</span><span class="T74"> uncertain. </span><span class="T69">Neither death nor probate records have been found for Zedekiah or Hannah. Hannah has a rough gravestone in the Temple cemetery,</span><span class="T69"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 16 May 2020), gravestone photo for Hannah Drury, Find a Grave Memorial no. 51798734, Temple Village Cemetery, Temple, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, maintained by Dale Gunn (contributor 47146701). Inscription reads "Hannah Drury wife of Zedekiah Drury.""><a href="#ftn25" id="body_ftn25"><sup>25</sup></a></span></span><span class="T69"> but no gravestone has been found for Zedekiah. According to </span><span class="T70">Irene Cynthia Gould, he moved </span><span class="T71">from Temple </span><span class="T70">to Shelburne, Massachusetts.</span><span class="T70"><span class="Footnote_20_anchor" title="Footnote: I. C. Gould, "Christopher Woolley of Concord, Mass. and Some of His Descendants," New England Historical and Genealogical Register Vol. 75 (January 1921), p. 31-2."><a href="#ftn26" id="body_ftn26"><sup>26</sup></a></span></span><span class="T84"> The reasoning behind this claim is not stated, but perhaps further records of Zedekiah can be found there.</span></div><h2 class="P35"><a id="a__Sources"><span/></a>Sources</h2><p class="P28"> </p><p class="P1"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn1" href="#body_ftn1">1</a></span>Thomas W. Baldwin, <span class="T2">Vital Records of Framingham</span><span class="T3">,</span><span class="T2"> Massachusetts, To </span><span class="T4">t</span><span class="T2">he Year 1850</span> (Boston: Wright & Potter, 1911),<span class="T36"> </span>p. 60<span class="T37">; </span>database with images, Archive.org (<a href="https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsoffr00fram/page/60" class="Internet_20_link">https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsoffr00fram/page/60</a> : accessed 23 Jan<span class="T36"> </span>2020)<span class="T37">.</span></p><p class="P2"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn2" href="#body_ftn2">2</a></span><span class="T38">For maiden name of mother, see </span><span class="T1">Baldwin, </span><span class="T5">Vital Records of Framingham</span><span class="T38">, p. 270, Drury-Eames</span><span class="T39">.</span></p><p class="Footnote"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn3" href="#body_ftn3">3</a></span>J. H. Temple, <span class="T2">History of Framingham, Massachusetts</span> (Framingham, Massachusetts : Town of Framingham, 1887), p. 527; database with images, <span class="T2">Archive.org</span> (https://archive.org/details/historyofframing00templ/page/526 : accessed 20 January 2020).</p><p class="P3"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn4" href="#body_ftn4">4</a></span><span class="T22">Charles S. Spaulding</span><span class="T2">, An Account of some Early Settlers of West Dunstable, Hollis, and Monson, N.H. </span><span class="T22">(Nashua, New Hampshire: Telegraph Press, 1915), Biograph</span><span class="T25">y</span><span class="T22"> of Zedekiah Drury, p. 33; database with images</span><span class="T2">, Archive.org </span><span class="T22">(</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/anaccountsomeea00spaugoog/page/n42" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T22">https://archive.org/details/anaccountsomeea00spaugoog/page/n42</span></a><span class="T22"> : accessed 20 January 2020).</span></p><p class="Footnote"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn5" href="#body_ftn5">5</a></span>S. J. Axtell, "The Axtell Family in America," <span class="T2">New England Historical and Genealogical Register</span> Vol. 53 (1899), p. 228.</p><p class="P4"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn6" href="#body_ftn6">6</a></span><span class="T2">Vital Records of Grafton, Massachusetts </span><span class="T7">T</span><span class="T2">o the End of the Year 1849</span> (Worcester, Massachusetts: <span class="T43">Franklin P. Rice</span>, 1906), p. 196; database with images, <span class="T2">Archive.org</span> (<a href="https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofgr00graft/page/196" class="Internet_20_link">https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofgr00graft/page/196</a> : accessed 23 Jan 2020).</p><p class="P5"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn7" href="#body_ftn7">7</a></span><span class="T44">Middlesex County Deeds, 41:144, dated 14 March 1738/39, Amos Davis to Zedekiah Drury "of Sutton," </span><a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99Z7-28FQ" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T44">image 84</span></a><span class="T44"> online at </span><span class="T8">FamilySearch.org</span><span class="T44">.</span></p><p class="P5"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn8" href="#body_ftn8">8</a></span><span class="T2">Vital Records of Bedford, Massachusetts, </span><span class="T4">T</span><span class="T2">o the Year 1850</span> (Boston, Mass. : New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1903) p. <span class="T45">119</span>; database with images, <span class="T2">Archive.org</span> (<a href="https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofbe00bedf/page/20/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link">https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofbe00bedf/page/</a><a href="https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofbe00bedf/page/20/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T45">118</span></a><a href="https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofbe00bedf/page/20/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link">/mode/2up</a> : accessed 23 January 2020).</p><p class="P6"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn9" href="#body_ftn9">9</a></span><span class="T9">Vital Records of Bedford, Massachusetts, </span><span class="T4">T</span><span class="T9">o the Year 1850</span><span class="T26">, p. 72</span>.</p><p class="P7"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn10" href="#body_ftn10">10</a></span><span class="T10">Concord Massachusetts: Births, Marriages, and Deaths, 1635 - </span><span class="T27">1850 (Boston: Beacon Press, 1895), </span><span class="T22">p</span>, 123, online at <span class="T2">Archive.org</span><span class="T22"> (</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/concordmassachus00conc/page/122/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T22">https://archive.org/details/concordmassachus00conc/page/122/mode/2up</span></a><span class="T22"> : accessed 13 October 2021).</span></p><p class="P8"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn11" href="#body_ftn11">11</a></span>Middlesex County <span class="T49">D</span>eeds, 54:587, dated 4 April 1757<span class="T49">, Peter Fassett to Zedekiah Drury, </span><a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99Z7-LDDD" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T49">image 302</span></a><span class="T49"> at </span><span class="T11">FamilySearch.org</span><span class="T49">.</span></p><p class="P9"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn12" href="#body_ftn12">12</a></span>Edward F. Johnson, <span class="T2">Woburn Records of Births, Deaths, and Marriages, From 1640 to 1873, </span><span class="T22">3 Volumes (Boston: Winship, Daniels & Company, 1891), Vol. 3, </span>p. 220, online at <span class="T2">Archive.org</span><span class="T22"> (https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb03wobu/page/220/mode/2up : accessed 13 Oct 2021).</span></p><p class="P10"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn13" href="#body_ftn13">13</a></span>"Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648-1871," database with images, <span class="T2">AmericanAncestors</span><span class="T12">.org</span> (<a href="https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1648-1871" class="Internet_20_link">https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1648-1871</a> : accessed 15 Jan 2020), case 7747, Ebenezer Flagg of Woburn, image<span class="T51"> 2</span>; Middlesex County Probate and Family Court, Cambridge, Massachusetts.</p><p class="P11"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn14" href="#body_ftn14">14</a></span>"Middlesex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1648-1871," database with images, <span class="T13">AmericanAncestors</span> (<a href="https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1648-1871" class="Internet_20_link">https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/middlesex-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1648-1871</a> : accessed 15 Jan 2020), case 18572, Nathaniel Reed of Woburn, <span class="T52">widow Hannah </span>administrat<span class="T52">or</span> of <span class="T52">his </span>estate, image 8; Middlesex County Probate and Family Court, Cambridge, Massachusetts.</p><p class="P11"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn15" href="#body_ftn15">15</a></span><span class="T54">Edward F. Johnson, </span><span class="T14">Woburn Record of Births, Deaths, Marriages, </span><span class="T28">Part </span><span class="T29">10</span><span class="T28">, Marriage Intentions</span><span class="T14">, December 2, 1699 to December 31, 1890</span><span class="T54"> (Woburn: E. L. Grimes, 1919), p. 142, Mrs. Hannah Reed and Nathan Simonds, both of Woburn; database with images, </span><span class="T14">Archive.org</span><span class="T54"> (</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb01wobu/page/142" class="Internet_20_link">https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb01wobu/page/142</a> : <span class="T54">accessed 21 January 2020).</span></p><p class="P12"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn16" href="#body_ftn16">16</a></span><span class="T55">E</span><span class="T56">.</span><span class="T55"> F. Johnson, </span><span class="T15">Woburn Records of Births, Deaths, and Marriages From 1640 to 1873, </span><span class="T41"> Vol 2.,</span><span class="T55"> p. 177, </span><span class="T56">death of </span><span class="T55">Hannah Simonds, wife of Mr. Nathan, 2 Oct 1760; database with images, </span><span class="T15">Archive.org </span><span class="T30">(</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb04wobu/page/176" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T22">https://archive.org/details/woburnrecordsofb04wobu/page/176</span></a><span class="T22"> </span><span class="T30"> : accessed 21 January 2020)</span><span class="T31">.</span></p><p class="Footnote"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn17" href="#body_ftn17">17</a></span><span class="T69">S</span>ee, for example, Spaulding, <span class="T2">An Account of some Early Settlers of West Dunstable, Hollis, and Monson, N.H.</span><span class="T18"> </span>(Nashua, New Hampshire: Telegraph Press, 1915), p. 33.</p><p class="P13"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn18" href="#body_ftn18">18</a></span>Middlesex <span class="T61">County Deeds </span>47:149<span class="T61">, dated 25 March 1743, Zedekiah Drury, of Dunstable, New Hampshire, to Amos Lawrence, </span><a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9ZW-7FN6" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T61">image 263</span></a><span class="T61"> at </span><span class="T16">FamilySearch.org</span><span class="T61">.</span></p><p class="P14"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn19" href="#body_ftn19">19</a></span><span class="T62">Hollis Historical Society, </span><a href="http://www.hollishistoricalsociety.org/history-of-hollis-new-hampshire.html" class="Internet_20_link">http://www.hollishistoricalsociety.org/history-of-hollis-new-hampshire.html</a> </p><p class="P15"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn20" href="#body_ftn20">20</a></span><span class="T63">At </span><span class="T17">FamilySearch.org:</span><span class="T63"> </span>Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Deeds, 58:102, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9Z7-GZ3P" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T63">image 337</span></a><span class="T63">, </span>dated 12 November 1745, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, blacksmith, to Enoch Hunt of Hollis, tract of land in Narragansett township 6, also 54:587, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99Z7-LDDD" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T63">image 302</span></a><span class="T63">, </span>dated 4 April 1757, Peter Fassett to Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, blacksmith, two tracts of land in Bedford, also 57:91, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9Z7-G86B" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T64">image 49</span></a><span class="T64">, </span>dated 4 May 1757, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, blacksmith, and wife Hannah, to Joseph Brown, two tracts of land in Bedford; Worcester County, Massachusetts, Deeds, 76:117, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9ZH-KTVT" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T64">image 323</span></a><span class="T64">, </span>dated 8 December 1761, Ephraim Blood of Hollis to Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, gentleman, tract of land in Narragansett township 6, also 78:302, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-99ZH-KKP1" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T64">image 160</span></a><span class="T64">, </span>dated 24 December 1761, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, gentleman, to William Fletcher, tract of land in Narragansett township 6; Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, Deeds, 5:94, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSVL-N9ZM-W" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T64">image 52</span></a><span class="T64">, </span>dated 29 November 1765, James Foster of Hollis to Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, tract of land in Peterborough Slip (now Temple), also 1:527, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSLR-69PQ-M" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T64">image 281</span></a><span class="T64">, </span>dated 17 June 1766, Zedekiah Drury of Hollis, gentleman, to Samuel Hobart, pew in Hollis meeting house, also 3:604, <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSRZ-MZ8D" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T64">image 306</span></a><span class="T64">, </span>dated 13 Mar 1769, Zedekiah Drury of Temple, gentleman, to Town of Temple, 2 1/2 acres in Temple.</p><p class="P16"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn21" href="#body_ftn21">21</a></span>Henry Ames Blood, <span class="T2">The History of Temple, N.H.</span> (Boston : Geo. C. Rand & Avery, 1869), p. <span class="T68">101-2</span>; database with images, <span class="T2">Archive.org</span> (<a href="https://archive.org/details/historyoftemplen00bloo/page/100/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link">https://archive.org/details/historyoftemplen00bloo/page/10</a><a href="https://archive.org/details/historyoftemplen00bloo/page/100/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T68">0</span></a><a href="https://archive.org/details/historyoftemplen00bloo/page/100/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link">/mode/2up</a> : accessed 15 Jan 2020).<span class="T72"> See also </span><span class="T19">V</span><span class="T9">ital Records of Bedford, Massachusetts, </span><span class="T4">T</span><span class="T9">o the Year 1850</span><span class="T19">, </span><span class="T32">p. 21 for births of Zedekiah and Gershom.</span></p><p class="Footnote"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn22" href="#body_ftn22">22</a></span>"Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <span class="T2">Ancestry.com</span> (<a href="https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2495" class="Internet_20_link">https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2495</a> : accessed 23 Jan 2020), Charlton Births, Deaths, Purpose of Marriage 1742-1801, Book 1, p. 111, "purpose of marriage between Zedekiah Drury of Temple and Mary Wheelock of Charlton," <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2495/images/40143_264428__0003-00066" class="Internet_20_link">image 67</a> of 1179; <span class="T79">for marriage see</span> <span class="T78">Franklin P. Rice, </span><span class="T20">Vital Records of Charlton, Massachusetts, To the End of the Year 1849</span><span class="T78">, (</span><span class="T79">Boston</span><span class="T78">: F. H. Gilson, 1905), p. 151, </span><a href="https://archive.org/details/vitalrecordsofch00charl/page/150/mode/2up" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="T78">online</span></a><span class="T78"> at </span><span class="T20">Archive.org</span><span class="T78">.</span></p><p class="P31"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn23" href="#body_ftn23">23</a></span>“New Hampshire County Probate Records, 1660-1973, Hillsborough County, 1771-1777, Vol 1-2,” database with images, <span class="T2">FamilySearch.org</span> (<a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9WH-LQBQ" class="Internet_20_link"><span class="Internet_20_link">https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G9WH-LQBQ</span></a> : accessed 25 January 2020), Zedekiah Drury administration of estate, vol. 2, pg. 473 and 509, 27 Nov 1776; Hillsborough County, New Hampshire deeds, Nashua. </p><p class="P17"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn24" href="#body_ftn24">24</a></span>Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, deed book 23, p. 369, Zedekiah Drury (with wife Hannah), of Temple, to Thomas Perkins, deed signed 13 Sep 1790, Registry of Deeds, Nashua, New Hampshire; "Hillsborough County, Register of Deeds," database with images, <span class="T2">FamilySearch.org</span> (<a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSRH-X3W9-D" class="Internet_20_link">https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSRH-X3W9-D</a> : accessed 22 Jan 2020).</p><p class="P18"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn25" href="#body_ftn25">25</a></span><span class="T2">Find a Grave</span>, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 16 May 2020), <span class="T40">gravestone</span> photo for Hannah Drury, Find a Grave Memorial no. 51798734, Temple Village Cemetery, Temple, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, maintained by Dale Gunn (contributor 47146701). Inscription reads "Hannah Drury wife of Zedekiah Drury."</p><p class="Footnote"><span class="footnodeNumber"><a class="Footnote_20_Symbol" id="ftn26" href="#body_ftn26">26</a></span>I<span class="T70">.</span> C<span class="T70">.</span> Gould, "Christopher Woolley of Concord, Mass. and Some of His Descendants," <span class="T2">New England Historical and Genealogical Register</span> Vol. 75 (January 1921), p. 31-2.</p></body></html>Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9160331925044687205.post-67406389616193509682019-03-30T05:49:00.000-07:002019-03-30T05:49:38.185-07:00The Curious Case of Benjamin Buffum (and His Wheelock Wives)<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
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[Note: A PDF version of this article can be downloaded <a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/downloads/SophiaWheelockBuffum.pdf">here</a>.]<br />
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<i>Thoughts and opinions on whether the evidence presented<br />in this article supports the conclusion that Benjamin Buffum<br />was the father of Sophia's children are welcome, and<br />can be posted at the bottom.</i></div>
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There aren't many cases that stretch the boundaries of social norms as much as that of Benjamin Buffum and his second wife, Sophia Wheelock. Sophia had at least four children out-of-wedlock, all of whom identified their father as Benjamin Buffum, and all of whom were born while Benjamin was married to Olive Wheelock, Sophia's half-aunt.</div>
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The family of Benjamin Buffum and his first wife, Olive Wheelock, is well documented. But genealogies have ignored his second wife, Sophia Wheelock.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>1</sup></a> With a little digging, however, the clues are easily found in the records of Providence County, Rhode Island, and Worcester County, Massachusetts. This article will examine those records, establish the identity of Sophia Wheelock, show that the Benjamin Buffum who married Olive Wheelock is the same man that married Sophia Wheelock, and explore the likelihood that Benjamin was the father of Sophia's children.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Background</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The study of Benjamin and his families is complicated by the fact that multiple men named Benjamin Buffum lived in the region during the early to mid 1800s. This article will focus on only one Benjamin Buffum, namely the man who married Sophia Wheelock in 1849 in Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>2</sup></a> The following questions will be addressed:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<span style="color: black;">Who were the parents of Sophia Wheelock, and what was her relation to Olive?</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<span style="color: black;">Was this the same Benjamin Buffum that married Olive Wheelock in Uxbridge, Worcester County, Massachusetts?</span></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<span style="color: black;">Was this the same Benjamin Buffum that fathered four out-of-wedlock children with Sophia Wheelock in Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts?</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The Identity of Sophia Wheelock</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This section will identify the parents of Sophia Wheelock, her birth date, and her place of residence. The discussion will start with the record of her marriage to Benjamin Buffum, which is found in the Laurel Hill Methodist Episcopal Church in Bridgeton (part of Burrillville), Providence County, Rhode Island. This record is summarized as follows:</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in; margin-left: 0.49in;">
Benjamin Buffum, of Douglas, Massachusetts, married Sophia Wheelock, of Uxbridge, Massachusetts, on 26 November 1849.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>3</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The U.S. and Massachusetts state census enumerations show that Sophia and Benjamin lived in Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, consistent with the residence of Benjamin given in the marriage record. See Table 1 below for a tabulation of the census entries for Sophia (Wheelock) Buffum, from 1850 to 1900, all in Douglas.</div>
<center>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="break-inside: avoid; width: 665px;"><colgroup><col width="41"></col><col width="123"></col><col width="44"></col><col width="144"></col><col width="272"></col></colgroup><thead>
<tr valign="TOP"><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Year</div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Name, Status, Relation to Head</div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Age</div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Head of Household</div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Other Household Members</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1850<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>4</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Mrs. Buffum</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
45</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin Buffum</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Philetus Wheelocks, Loren Wheelocks</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1855<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote5sym" name="sdfootnote5anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>5</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sophia Buffum</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
40-50</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin Buffum</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Loren Buffum</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1860<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote6sym" name="sdfootnote6anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>6</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sophia Wheelock</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
56</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Willard Whipple</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Albert Whipple, Emeline Whipple, Philetus Wheelock, and others</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1865<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote7sym" name="sdfootnote7anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>7</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sophia Buffum, widowed</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
60</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Albert Whipple</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Emeline Whipple, Mary E. Whipple</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1870<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote8sym" name="sdfootnote8anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>8</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sophia Buffum</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
64</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Wm. M. Young</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
None</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1880<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote9sym" name="sdfootnote9anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>9</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sophia Buffum, widowed, mother</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
73</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Loren A. Buffum</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Ellen M. Buffum, Alace Buffum, Walter M. Buffum, Elsie M. Buffum</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="41"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1900<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote10sym" name="sdfootnote10anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>10</sup></a></div>
</td><td width="123"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Sophia Buffum, single, mother</div>
</td><td width="44"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
94</div>
</td><td width="144"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Loren A. Buffum</div>
</td><td width="272"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Carrie Jepherson</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</center>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<i>Table 1</i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Note that in 1865, Sophia Buffum was listed as widowed. This is consistent with the 1861 Douglas death record for her husband, Benjamin Buffum.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote11sym" name="sdfootnote11anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>11</sup></a> Also, note that she does not appear in census records after 1900, consistent with her 1901 Douglas death record.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote12sym" name="sdfootnote12anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>12</sup></a> Finally, note that Sophia was not living with Benjamin Buffum in 1860. That seeming inconsistency is discussed later.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 1900 census lists her birth date as Oct 1805, in Rhode Island. This date is in line with the other census records, though most (excepting 1850) incorrectly identify her birth place as Massachusetts.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Carlyle Capron Wheelock, in his <i>"</i>Wheelock Genealogy<i>"</i> manuscript, identifies her birth date as 31 October 1804, born in Coventry, Kent County, Rhode Island, and her parents as Phyletus Wheelock and Avis Handy, of Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote13sym" name="sdfootnote13anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>13</sup></a> Caryle Wheelock cites Thomas Seabury Wheelock as his source. Thomas was a credible source. He was himself a genealogist.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote14sym" name="sdfootnote14anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>14</sup></a> He was also Sophia's nephew, and a son of Sophia's twin brother, Godfrey Wheelock.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The following facts add further credibility to the claim, made in "Wheelock Genealogy"<i>,</i> that Sophia was the daughter of Phyletus Wheelock:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The given birth date (31 October 1804) is inline with census records.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Sophia's father, Phyletus Wheelock, lived in Burrillville between 1820 and 1840. He died in 1841, and is buried in Burrillville.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote15sym" name="sdfootnote15anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>15</sup></a> This is consistent with Sophia's place of marriage - Burrillville.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Another daughter of Phyletus, Lydia Sayles Wheelock, was married in 1837 in Burrillville, further indication that the family resided there.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote16sym" name="sdfootnote16anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>16</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Sophia had an out-of-wedlock son named Phyletus Wheelock (more later), an unusual name, her father is presumably the namesake.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote17sym" name="sdfootnote17anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>17</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 1911 death record of Sophia's daughter, Emeline Whipple (more later), identifies Sophia Wheelock's birth place as Coventry, Rhode Island, in agreement with "Wheelock Genealogy".<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote18sym" name="sdfootnote18anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>18</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Unfortunately, Sophia's 1901 death record does not identify her parents, but the information provided by Thomas Seabury Wheelock in "Wheelock Genealogy", along with the census records, and the corroborating facts shown above are sufficient to firmly establish her parentage, birth date, and her place of residence.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<u>Sophia's Relation to Olive Wheelock</u></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Accepted Wheelock genealogy shows that Olive Wheelock is Sophia's half-aunt.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote19sym" name="sdfootnote19anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>19</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Census records suggest that Sophia might have been living with Benjamin and Olive in 1820. Sophia's mother died in 1817, when Sophia was eleven years old, providing motive for Sophia to move to a new household.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote20sym" name="sdfootnote20anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>20</sup></a> There is no child of her age in her fathers household in 1820 in Burrillville, but there is, unexpectedly, someone of Sophia's age (15) in Benjamin and Olive's household in Douglas.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote21sym" name="sdfootnote21anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>21</sup></a> It is possible that Sophia went to live with her half-aunt when her mother died. This, of course, would have provided ample opportunity for Sophia and Benjamin to develop a relationship.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The Children of Sophia Wheelock</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This section will present multiple records that:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
identify Sophia's children,</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
show that they were born out-of-wedlock, before Sophia married Benjamin,</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
and show that each child identified Benjamin Buffum as their father.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The starting point for this discussion is a set of Douglas marriage and death records for people who identify their mother as Sophia Wheelock. From these records, the names, spouses, and some vital dates can be determined for all of Sophia's children. These marriage and death records are summarized below, in order of occurrence:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Marriage: Emeline Wheelock, of Douglas, single, daughter of Sophia Wheelock, married Albert Whipple of Douglas, single, laborer, son of Joseph Whipple, on 18 April 1844, in Douglas, by Rev. D. Holman, Minister of the Gospel. Marriage registered 19 April 1844 by Rev. D. Holman.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote22sym" name="sdfootnote22anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>22</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Marriage: Phyletus Buffum, of Douglas, born in Douglas, laborer, 22, son of Sophia Wheelock and Benjamin Buffum, married Ellen Humes, of Mendon, born in Douglas, 18, daughter of Alpheus and Lucretia Humes, on 24 April 1863, by Rev. John D. Smith, of Douglas. First marriage for both.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote23sym" name="sdfootnote23anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>23</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Marriage: Lorin A. Buffum, white, of Douglas, born in Douglas, farmer, 21, son of Benjamin and Sophia Buffum, married Ellen Maria Shove, white, of Uxbridge, born in Douglas, 23, daughter of Thomas M. and Sarah Shove, 26 October 1864, by James Willet, Clergy, in Cumberland, Rhode Island. First marriage for both.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote24sym" name="sdfootnote24anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>24</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Death: Phebe Young (nee Buffum), of East Douglas, born Douglas, widowed, wife of Wellington Young, daughter of Benjamin Buffum and Sophia Wheelock (who was born in Rhode Island), died 1 October 1910, in Douglas, age 89 years, 29 days. The informant was Wm. Young, of East Douglas.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote25sym" name="sdfootnote25anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>25</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Death: Emeline Whipple (nee Buffum), of Uxbridge, born Douglas, widowed, wife of Albert Whipple, daughter of Benjamin Buffum (who was born in Douglas) and Sophia Wheelock (who was born in Coventry, Rhode Island), died 4 March 1911, in Uxbridge, age 85 years, 10 months. The informant was Mrs. Wm. Smith, grand-daughter.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote26sym" name="sdfootnote26anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>26</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Death: Loren A. Buffum, born Douglas, widowed, husband of Ellen Shove Buffum, son of Benjamin Buffum (birthplace unknown) and Sophia Wheelock (birthplace unknown), died 23 January 1925, in Douglas, age 81 years, 8 months, 21 days. The informant was Walter M. Buffum, of Whitinsville, Massachusetts.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote27sym" name="sdfootnote27anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>27</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
All of these records contain people whose mother is identified as Sophia Wheelock (or Sophia Buffum). All records, except the 1844 marriage record for Emeline Wheelock, identify the father as Benjamin Buffum. For now, no assumption is made about the identity of this Benjamin.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
From these records, the following children of Sophia Wheelock can be listed, showing spouses, and vital dates:</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phebe Buffum, born (calculated) 2 September 1821 in Douglas, married Wellington Young, died 1 October 1910 in Douglas.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Emeline Buffum (aka Wheelock), born (calculated) 4 May 1825 in Douglas, married Albert Whipple 18 April 1844 in Douglas, died 4 March 1911 in Uxbridge.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phyletus Buffum, born circa 1841 in Douglas, married Ellen Humes 24 May 1863, probably in Douglas.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Loren A. Buffum, born (calculated) 2 May 1843 in Douglas, married Ellen Maria Shove 26 October 1864, in Cumberland, Rhode Island, died 23 January 1925 in Douglas.</div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Note that each of the four children of Sophia was born before Benjamin and Sophia were married in 1849, presumably out-of-wedlock. The following sections will present additional records that corroborate this, and are consistent with all information about Sophia's children presented above.</div>
<h3 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Records That Corroborate Sophia's Out-Of-Wedlock Births</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There is one independent record that corroborates the birth date for Emeline. It is:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Emeline Wheelock, daughter Sophia, sgl, born 4 May 1825<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote28sym" name="sdfootnote28anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>28</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This is found in the Douglas town birth records, which were transcribed from older records in 1899, and therefore cannot be derived from her 1911 death record. No father is identified in this record. Also, Sophia's status as single is explicitly indicated.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There is a similar, independent, partial record for the birth of Phebe, taken from the same source:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phebe Buffum, daughter of Sophia Wheelock, sgl, born Sep 2 (year not given).<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote29sym" name="sdfootnote29anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>29</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Finally, there is a birth record for a Julius Wheelock, that coincides with the birth date for Loren A. Buffum:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Julius Whelock, son of Sophia Whelock [Wheelock], single woman, born 3 May 1843, in Douglas, father not identified.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote30sym" name="sdfootnote30anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>30</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Julius does not appear in any further records. Given their near identical birth dates, it is reasonable to conclude that Loren and Julius are probably the same person. Another less likely possibility is that Julius was a twin of Loren who died young.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
In summary, these records provide additional confirmation that Sophia bore several children out-of-wedlock. Furthermore, they are consistent with the birth dates derived from the death records.</div>
<h3 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Other Records Corroborating Information About Sophia's Children</h3>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There are several other records that corroborate and augment the information presented above about Sophia's children. These are:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phebe Buffum's 1840 Douglas marriage record to Wellington Young, which confirms her husbands name as given in her death record.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote31sym" name="sdfootnote31anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>31</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Sophia's application for a pension based on the Civil War service of her son, Phyletus Buffum. Sophia specifically identified Phyletus as her son, as did Wellington Young (Sophia's son-in-law) in a separate affidavit. The death date of Phyletus is identified as 3 July 1867. He died leaving no wife or children.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote32sym" name="sdfootnote32anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>32</sup></a> This is all consistent with Phyletus's lack of appearance in the census records after 1865, and his marriage record, which identifies his mother as Sophia.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 1900 U.S. census, which identifies Sophia as the mother of Loren A. Buffum, head of household. Loren's birth date is given as May 1843, in agreement with his death record.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote33sym" name="sdfootnote33anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>33</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Sophia's 1901 Worcester County will, in which she leaves (1) fifty dollars to Emeline Whipple, widow of Albert Whipple, (2) fifty dollars to Phebe Young, wife of Wellington Young, (3) one hundred dollars to her son, Loren A. Buffum, and (4) the residue of her estate to Emogene A. Hathaway, Walter A. Buffum, Elsie May Buffum, children of her son Loren A. Buffum, to be equally divided.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote34sym" name="sdfootnote34anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>34</sup></a> This list of heirs is consistent with the children of Sophia presented above.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Finally, the census records presented in Table 1 are also consistent with the four children of Sophia Wheelock as identified above. She is living with them in 1860, 1865, 1880 and 1890, as shown in Table 2 below. In 1870 she is living with a grandson.</div>
<center>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="break-inside: avoid; width: 664px;"><colgroup><col width="109"></col><col width="317"></col><col width="212"></col></colgroup><thead>
<tr valign="TOP"><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="109"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Year</div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="317"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Household Member(s)</div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="212"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Relationship(s)</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="109"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1860</div>
</td><td width="317"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Emeline Whipple, Loren Buffum</div>
</td><td width="212"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Daughter, Son</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="109"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1865</div>
</td><td width="317"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Emeline Whipple</div>
</td><td width="212"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Daughter</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="109"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1870</div>
</td><td width="317"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Wm. M. Young</div>
</td><td width="212"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Grandson</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="109"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1880</div>
</td><td width="317"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Loren A. Buffum</div>
</td><td width="212"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Son</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="109"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1900</div>
</td><td width="317"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Loren A. Buffum</div>
</td><td width="212"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Son</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</center>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<i>Table 2</i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
These records paint a consistent picture of four out-of-wedlock children born to Sophia Wheelock in Douglas. All births occurred prior to her 1849 marriage to Benjamin Buffum. And all four children directly or indirectly (through their informants) identify Benjamin Buffum as their father.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The following sections will focus on the Benjamin Buffum who married Olive Wheelock, and show that this was the same man that married Sophia Wheelock.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Benjamin Buffum and His First Family</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<span style="color: black;">This section will review what is known about the family of Benjamin Buffum and Olive Wheelock. This background is necessary for proving that he was same man that married Sophia Wheelock.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The genealogy of the Benjamin Buffum who married Olive Wheelock is documented in <i>Buffum Family</i>, by Perkins, as shown below, updated with additional details and corrections:</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<b>Benjamin Buffum</b> was born 7 December 1787 in Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, son of Benjamin Buffum and Phebe Baker.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote35sym" name="sdfootnote35anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>35</sup></a> He filed intention to marry Olive Wheelock, of Uxbridge, in April 1810.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote36sym" name="sdfootnote36anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>36</sup></a> Olive was the daughter of Paul Wheelock and Deborah Hadlock.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote37sym" name="sdfootnote37anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>37</sup></a> Olive died on 14 Aug 1848, in Douglas, of dysentery.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote38sym" name="sdfootnote38anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>38</sup></a> Benjamin and Olive had the following children, all born in Douglas:<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote39sym" name="sdfootnote39anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>39</sup></a></div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Benjamin Buffum, born 1810, married Rosamond Sprague on 14 Nov 1830 in Uxbridge, died 12 Feb 1908 in Douglas.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote40sym" name="sdfootnote40anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>40</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Paul W. Buffum, born 1812, married Louisa L. Darling 2 April 1835 in Mendon, died 27 June 1896 in Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote41sym" name="sdfootnote41anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>41</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Daniel Buffum, born 1814, married Mary Kempton 4 April 1839, died 17 March 1894.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote42sym" name="sdfootnote42anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>42</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Farnum Buffum, born 1819, died young.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Farnum Buffum, born 1822, married Mary Jane Ray 27 June 1863, died 12 June 1896 in Uxbridge, Worcester County, Massachusetts.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote43sym" name="sdfootnote43anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>43</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Hannah M. Buffum, born 1828, married Harmon Slocum on 8 June 1853 in Providence, Rhode Island, died 8 April 1898 in Lincoln, Providence County, Rhode Island.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote44sym" name="sdfootnote44anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>44</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There are a couple things to note. First, Olive (Wheelock) Buffum died in 1848, a year earlier than the marriage of Sophia Wheelock and Benjamin Buffum. This is consistent with the theory that the same Benjamin Buffum married both women. Second, note that Benjamin had a son named Benjamin, who married a woman whose given name is Rosamond. This is important background for interpreting the deeds that will be discussed in the next section.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The Same Benjamin Buffum Married Both Olive and Sophia Wheelock</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This section will establish that the Benjamin Buffum who married Olive was the same Benjamin Buffum who married Sophia. Two arguments will be presented, one based on census records, and the other based on land records.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<u>Census Records</u></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 1840 through 1860 U.S. census records show that there was only one Benjamin Buffum living in Douglas during that time period. This suggests that the Benjamin Buffum living in Douglas in 1840, married to Olive, is probably the same man living in Douglas in 1850, 1855, and 1860, married to Sophia.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote45sym" name="sdfootnote45anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>45</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<u>Land Records</u></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
But the land records provide more compelling evidence. When a man sells land, his wife usually signs the deed, releasing her dower rights to the property. There are three Worcester County deeds that show conveyance of a single 40-acre parcel of property to successive owners:</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
from Benjamin to his son, Benjamin, Jr, in 1845<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote46sym" name="sdfootnote46anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>46</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
from Benjamin, Jr. back to Benjamin, in January 1853<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote47sym" name="sdfootnote47anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>47</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
then from Benjamin to a third party, James E. Simmons, in March 1853.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote48sym" name="sdfootnote48anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>48</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Each of these deeds is signed by the grantor, and the spouse. The first deed is signed by Benjamin and Olive. The second deed is signed by Benjamin, Jr. and Rosamond. The third deed (ammended) is signed by Benjamin and Sophia. Since it can be proven that the grantor, Benjamin Buffum, is the same man in the first and third deeds, this set of transactions provides direct evidence that the Benjamin who married Olive is the same man that married Sophia. The details of these deeds and a full explanation of the argument is included in Appendix One.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
In summary, the land records are consistent with the census records, and show with certainty that it was the same Benjamin who married both Olive and Sophia.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The remaining sections will explore whether or not this same Benjamin Buffum was the father of Sophia's children.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<b>Was Benjamin Buffum the Father of Sophia's Children?</b></h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There are five Douglas records (all previously discussed) containing people that specifically identify Benjamin as their father, and Sophia as their mother:</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 24 Aug 1863 Douglas marriage record of Phyletus Buffum to Ellen Humes, in which the parents of Phyletus are identified as Sophia Wheelock and Benjamin Buffum<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote49sym" name="sdfootnote49anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>49</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 26 Oct 1864 Douglas marriage record of Loren A. Buffum to Ellen Maria Shove, in which the parents of Loren are identified as Sophia and Benjamin Buffum<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote50sym" name="sdfootnote50anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>50</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 1 Oct 1910 Douglas death record for Phebe (Buffum) Young, in which her parents are identified as Sophia Wheelock and Benjamin Buffum<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote51sym" name="sdfootnote51anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>51</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 4 Mar 1911 Uxbridge death record for Emeline (Buffum) Whipple, in which her parents are identified as Sophia Wheelock and Benjamin Buffum<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote52sym" name="sdfootnote52anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>52</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The 23 Jan 1925 Douglas death record for Loren A. Buffum, in which his parents are identified as Sophia Wheelock and Benjamin Buffum<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote53sym" name="sdfootnote53anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>53</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Are these records credible? All were created after Benjamin Buffum's death in 1861. Prior to that date, birth and marriage records simply omitted the name of the father.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There is at least one reason to think they may not be credible - that they may instead be records of social convenience. It is possible that the four children of Sophia, born out-of-wedlock, identified Benjamin as their father simply because he was the one and only man that married their mother. Identifying him as their father served to socially legitimize their births.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Of course, there is another perspective to take - namely that these records are correct, and should be taken at face value. All these records are consistent. They span more than six decades. Each record has a different informant, all of whom agree.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The following sections will outline evidence that sheds light on each of these perspectives.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Census Records</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This section will examine the clues to the paternity of Sophia's children found in the census records. Sophia and Benjamin were married in Nov 1849.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote54sym" name="sdfootnote54anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>54</sup></a> Benjamin died in 1861.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote55sym" name="sdfootnote55anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>55</sup></a>One would expect Sophia, Benjamin, Loren, and Phyletus to be living together between 1850 and 1860. But this was not the case. They all lived in the same household in 1850.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote56sym" name="sdfootnote56anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>56</sup></a>But by 1855, Phyletus (who was about 14) was living in a separate household in Douglas - the household of Asa T. Dudley (age between 20 and 30).<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote57sym" name="sdfootnote57anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>57</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
In 1860, the family was further split into three separate households:</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phyletus and Sophia were living in Douglas with the family of Emily Whipple, Sophia's daughter.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote58sym" name="sdfootnote58anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>58</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Loren was living in Uxbridge in the household of Stephen Paine (age 82).<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote59sym" name="sdfootnote59anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>59</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Benjamin was living in Douglas in the household of Aldis Humes, a distant relative of Phyletus's future wife.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote60sym" name="sdfootnote60anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>60</sup></a></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The fact that Phyletus and Loren did not live with Benjamin at various points during the decade of the 1850s could signal that he was not their father. Could the different households provide clues to their paternity? Phyletus lived with Asa T. Dudley in 1855. Is it possible Asa was a close relative? Asa, born circa 1832, would have been too young to be his biological father. Asa's father, Samuel Dudley was old enough to have been Phyletus's father, but Samuel did not mention Phyletus in his 1847 will, nor did Phyletus make any claim against the estate.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote61sym" name="sdfootnote61anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>61</sup></a> This probate record shows no evidence of kinship.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Loren lived with Stephen Paine in 1860, begging similar questions. Stephen Paine was old enough to have been his father. But he died intestate in 1864, and Loren is not listed amongst the "only next of kin," nor did he make a claim against the estate.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote62sym" name="sdfootnote62anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>62</sup></a> Again, no evidence of kinship.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Another possible explanation for these separate living arrangements could be the financial difficulties that plagued Benjamin Buffum during this period. Benjamin Buffum declared bankruptcy in 1842, and was forced to sell all of his personal and real property.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote63sym" name="sdfootnote63anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>63</sup></a> By the 1850s he owned no property at all, as indicated by the 1850 and 1860 census.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote64sym" name="sdfootnote64anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>64</sup></a> In 1853, his son, Benjamin, Jr. gave him a 40 acre parcel of land, which Benjamin, Sr. immediately sold for $250.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote65sym" name="sdfootnote65anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>65</sup></a> When children help their parents, it is often a sign that the parents are in financial need. Further confirmation of Benjamin's financial problems comes from the testimony of Wellington Young (Sophia's son in law), who stated that Benjamin died in the "poor house", leaving Sophia without property, and without means of support.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote66sym" name="sdfootnote66anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>66</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
It is entirely possible that the family simply could not afford to live together. Children were put in different households to save money.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
To summarize the census records - the 1850 census shows the entire family living together - perhaps a sign that Benjamin is the father of Loren and Phyletus; but the 1855 and 1860 census records, showing the family living apart, does not necessarily imply that Benjamin is not the father - it may have been a purely financial consideration.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Surname Use</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The use of surnames by Sophia's children might also provide clues to their paternity.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phebe, the oldest, seems to have used Buffum from the very beginning. Her Douglas birth record identifies her as "Phebe Buffum, d. Sophia Wheelock sgl.", no father identified.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote67sym" name="sdfootnote67anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>67</sup></a>Her marriage to Wellington Young is recorded in multiple places, all using the Buffum surname.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote68sym" name="sdfootnote68anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>68</sup></a> Her 1910 death record also identifies her maiden name as Buffum.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote69sym" name="sdfootnote69anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>69</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Emeline, on the other hand, is listed as Wheelock in her 1825 Douglas birth record, and in her 1844 Douglas marriage record.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote70sym" name="sdfootnote70anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>70</sup></a> But her 1911 Uxbridge death record identifies her maiden name as Buffum.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote71sym" name="sdfootnote71anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>71</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phyletus followed a similar pattern. No birth record has been found for Phyletus, but his surname appears as Wheelock in the 1850 through 1860 census records.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote72sym" name="sdfootnote72anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>72</sup></a> By Aug 1862 (when he enlisted in the Massachusetts 24th Regiment) he was consistently using the Buffum surname.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote73sym" name="sdfootnote73anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>73</sup></a> His 1863 marriage record uses Buffum, as do his military records.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote74sym" name="sdfootnote74anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>74</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
No birth record has been found for Loren, either.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote75sym" name="sdfootnote75anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>75</sup></a> He is listed as Wheelock in the 1850 census.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote76sym" name="sdfootnote76anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>76</sup></a> But by 1855, he is listed with the Buffum surname, and all further records (census, marriage, draft registration, death) refer to him as Loren Buffum.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote77sym" name="sdfootnote77anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>77</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
What light does this shed on the identity of the father? The only child to have consistently used the Buffum surname is Phebe, whose given name, incidentally, is the same as Benjamin Buffum's mother. This would argue in favor of Benjamin as her father. The other children (Emeline, Phyletus) mostly used the Wheelock surname until Benjamin died, at which point they all consistently use Buffum. Loren is the exception. He is listed with the Buffum surname in 1855 and 1860 census enumerations, prior to Benjamin's 1861 death.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
With the exception of Phebe, it would appear that Sophia was reluctant to attach a surname (other than Wheelock) to her children, presumably because she was reluctant to identify the father (or fathers). When she married Benjamin, the reluctance disappeared, and they all adopted the Buffum surname, eventually. There are two possible reasons for this:</div>
<ol>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Benjamin was not the father of Sophia's children (or at least, not all of them). But using his surname, and identifying him as the father provided a socially acceptable fiction to legitimize their births.</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Benjamin actually was their father.</div>
</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
A word of caution is probably in order. The surnames that appear in the census records are only as good as the informant that provided the information to the census taker. Since we don't know who the informant is, it is entirely possible that the surnames appearing in the 1850, 1855, and 1860 census listings do not reflect the actual surnames of the individual. Instead, they reflect the surnames as known by the informant. This would explain, for example, why Sophia appears as Buffum in the 1850 and 1855 census, as Wheelock in the 1860 census, and as Buffum thereafter.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Phebe's surname may be more telling. It is consistently listed as Buffum in the town records. If it could be known with certainty that Phebe's birth record was created at the time of her birth (and not, say, forty years later when her first child was married), then more weight could be attached to the surname as an indicator of her paternity. But the provenance of her Douglas birth record is unclear. In 1899 it was copied and alphabetized from earlier records that were in poor condition. The location of the earlier records is unknown; so their origin cannot be determined.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Land Records</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
If Benjamin was the father of Sophia's children, then land transactions might be expected between Sophia's children and Benjamin, or between Sophia's children and Olive's children. The two sets of children would have been half siblings (or perhaps slightly more than half, since Olive and Sophia were closely related).</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Multiple land transactions have been found between Olive's children and their father, Benjamin, as expected; but none have been found between Sophia's children and Benjamin, as might be expected if Benjamin was their father.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
However, a few land transactions are recorded between Sophia's children and Olive's children. Between 1861 and 1863, Albert and Emeline Whipple (Sophia's daughter) sold land to several of Olive's children (Benjamin, Daniel and Farnum), as well as one of Sophia's children (Loren).<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote78sym" name="sdfootnote78anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>78</sup></a> Family relationships are not explicitly spelled out in the deeds, but the mere existence of the transactions adds some credibility to the thesis that Benjamin is their common father.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Probate Records</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Probate records could provide another clue to the paternity of Sophia's children. There are several scenarios that could indicate paternity:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
a mention of Sophia's children in Benjamin Buffum's will,</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
a mention of Sophia's children in the wills of Benjamin Buffum's parents, or</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
a mention of siblings in the wills of Sophia's or Olive's children; specifically a mention Sophia's children in the wills of Olive's children, or vice versa.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The first two scenarios yield no positive evidence. Benjamin Buffum left no probate records, possibly because he owned nothing when he died. His parent's both left wills.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote79sym" name="sdfootnote79anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>79</sup></a> Both mentioned children, but no grandchildren, and therefore no mention of Sophia's children.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The probate records of Olive's children yielded some positive evidence. (Refer to the list of Olive's children in a previous section.) First, the negative results. Paul Buffum's will identifies his siblings - none are Sophia's children.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote80sym" name="sdfootnote80anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>80</sup></a> The probate records of Hannah (Buffum) Slocumb have not been fully examined. The documents that have been inspected include the letter of administration, and the administrators bond, neither of which make any reference to Sophia's children.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote81sym" name="sdfootnote81anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>81</sup></a> Next, the positive results. Daniel Buffum's will also identifies his siblings - again, none are Sophia's children. However, Albert Whipple (Sophia's son in law) was appointed appraiser.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote82sym" name="sdfootnote82anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>82</sup></a> Farnum Buffum died intestate; and again Albert Whipple was appointed to appraise the estate.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote83sym" name="sdfootnote83anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>83</sup></a> While this is not a strong positive signal that Benjamin Buffum was the common father of Olive and Sophia's children, it at least provides some positive evidence.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The probate records of Sophia's children were also examined. By the time they died, all of Olive's children were deceased, so, not surprisingly, none of them mention Olive's children.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote84sym" name="sdfootnote84anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>84</sup></a></div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Summary and Conclusion</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The simplest interpretation may be that which directly fits the evidence, namely that Benjamin Buffum was the father of all of Sophia's children. There is no direct (or even indirect) evidence to contradict this conclusion. The records, spanning a hundred years, point in that direction.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
But it does demand an unusual degree of tolerance, or indifference (willful or otherwise) from Olive, Benjamin's first wife, and from the community. This is especially true if Sophia lived with Olive and Benjamin, as the census records suggest (see Appendix Two).</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Whether this tolerance is credible is an open question. Out-of-wedlock births and unfaithful spouses were not uncommon at the time. But maintaining an ongoing relationship with a spouse's niece, and fathering multiple children over 25 years with both is certainly unusual. While polyamory was not unheard of in the 1800s, it was by no means an accepted lifestyle.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote85sym" name="sdfootnote85anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>85</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Further research may shed light on the paternity of Sophia's children. Possible research avenues include:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
newspaper articles,</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
family records (journals, letters),</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
genetic studies of the descendant's of Olive's and Sophia's children,<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote86sym" name="sdfootnote86anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>86</sup></a></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
oral history of Sophia's descendants.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
For now, there is much evidence to recommend that Benjamin Buffum was the father of Sophia's children; but there is enough reason to doubt the accuracy of the key components of the evidence (namely the marriage and death records of Phebe, Emeline, Phyletus, and Loren) that their paternitfy remains less than certain.</div>
<h1 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Appendix One: Land Records Identifying Olive and Sophia as Wives of Benjamin</h1>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This appendix will outline in detail the evidence contained in the Worcester County land records showing that the Benjamin Buffum who married Olive Wheelock is the same man that married Sophia Wheelock. Refer to Figure 1 for a graphic showing the land transactions.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The crux of the argument centers on three deeds. In the first deed, Benjamin Buffum conveyed several parcels of property to Benjamin Buffum, Jr.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote87sym" name="sdfootnote87anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>87</sup></a> In the second deed, Benjamin Buffum, Jr. conveyed one of those parcels back to Benjamin Buffum.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote88sym" name="sdfootnote88anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>88</sup></a> In the third deed, Benjamin Buffum conveyed that same parcel to James E. Simmons.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote89sym" name="sdfootnote89anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>89</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Olive is identified as Benjamin's wife in the first deed, Sophia in the third (ammended) deed.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote90sym" name="sdfootnote90anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>90</sup></a> If the Benjamin Buffum who signed the first deed is the same man that signed the third deed, then it provides direct evidence that Olive and Sophia married the same man - not two different men with the name Benjamin Buffum.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The names on the first two deeds (Benjamin and Benjamin, Jr) suggest a father son relationship. The second deed confirms this. In that deed, Benjamin, Jr conveyed 40 acres in Douglas for $1 to his father "in further consideration of the love and affection I bear to my father." Furthermore, this deed identifies the 40 acre parcel as a portion of that conveyed in the first deed, and identifies the Benjamin and Benjamin Jr in the second deed as the same people in the first deed.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote91sym" name="sdfootnote91anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>91</sup></a> Finally, the second deed refers to an earlier 1838 deed to identify the metes and bounds of the property.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote92sym" name="sdfootnote92anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>92</sup></a> The second deed is signed by the wife of Benjamin Buffum, Jr., Rosamond - proving that the Benjamin Buffum, Jr. referenced in this deed is the son of Benjamin Buffum and Olive (Wheelock) Buffum.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
These first two deeds clearly establish the identity of the two Benjamins. That is: Benjamin Jr lives in Uxbridge, is married to Rosamond, and is the son of Benjamin who lives in Douglas, and is married to Olive. What remains is to show that the Benjamin Buffum in the third deed is the same man in the first two deeds, the father of Benjamin Jr.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This can be shown by noting that Benjamin sold the property almost immediately after his son gave it to him. The second deed was signed 22 January 1853.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote93sym" name="sdfootnote93anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>93</sup></a> Just two months later Benjamin (of Douglas) sold the same parcel to James E. Simmons, signing the third deed on 31 March 1853.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote94sym" name="sdfootnote94anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>94</sup></a> In this third deed, the metes and bounds of the 40 acre parcel are defined by an indirect reference to the same 1838 deed, confirming that it is the same parcel.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote95sym" name="sdfootnote95anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>95</sup></a> The third deed was amended in 1857 to include Sophia's signature.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote96sym" name="sdfootnote96anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>96</sup></a></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
There is a tiny chance that the 40 acre parcel was sold by Benjamin Buffum to another man named Benjamin Buffum between 22 January 1853 and 31 March 1853, i.e. between the dates of execution of the second and third deed. If this were true, then no claim could be made that the grantee in the second deed was the grantor in the third deed. However, no other transaction involving this 40 acre parcel was found in the Worcester County grantor or grantee index between these two dates; rendering it nearly certain that the Benjamin in the second deed is the same man in the third deed.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote97sym" name="sdfootnote97anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>97</sup></a>In summary, these deeds provide direct evidence that the man who married Olive also married Sophia. Furthermore, the dates on the deeds signed by Olive and Sophia are consistent with the date of Benjamin and Sophia's marriage.</div>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in; margin-top: 0.08in;">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyNfoSw-npDB7OfJQDLjB4YuRgyUSESV0YKNwlYB-FMG3pxTc2IrF31nQ-HoiDyYzLLhc6XD5UsuWPgt7qWRV-xL7X2DF_qNT35PAnO6egnsl-LSfy68kGrfSGg2bs0EHgjBqTaEEVu8U/s1600/LandTransactions.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="816" data-original-width="1056" height="492" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyNfoSw-npDB7OfJQDLjB4YuRgyUSESV0YKNwlYB-FMG3pxTc2IrF31nQ-HoiDyYzLLhc6XD5UsuWPgt7qWRV-xL7X2DF_qNT35PAnO6egnsl-LSfy68kGrfSGg2bs0EHgjBqTaEEVu8U/s640/LandTransactions.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">Figure 1</span></div>
</h2>
<h2 class="western" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Appendix Two: Census Records for Family of Benjamin and Olive (Wheelock) Buffum</h2>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
This appendix shows that the people enumerated in the household of Benjamin Buffum of Douglas in the 1820 through 1840 census are of the right number and age to include Sophia Wheelock and her four children.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
The tables below show the census enumerations for Benjamin Buffum, of Douglas, in the years 1820, 1830, and 1840.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote98sym" name="sdfootnote98anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>98</sup></a> The decades after that are not shown - by then Olive had died, and her children had married and moved into new households. For each year, the age range and gender is shown in the left column, with possible matching names in the right column. The bold names correspond to Sophia and her children.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<br /></div>
<center>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="break-inside: avoid; width: 265px;"><colgroup><col width="92"></col><col width="155"></col></colgroup><thead>
<tr><th bgcolor="#99ccff" colspan="2" width="255"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1820 Census Douglas</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Age Range and Gender</span></div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Possible Match (age)</span></div>
</th></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
0-9 male</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin, Jr. (9)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
0-9 male</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Paul (8)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
0-9 male</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Daniel (6)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
18-25 male</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Unknown ?</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
26-44 male</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin, Sr. (33)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
10-15 female</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Sophia Wheelock (14)</b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
16-25 female</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Unknown ?</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
26-44 female</div>
</td><td width="155"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Olive (30)</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</center>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<span style="color: black;"><i>Table 3</i></span></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
<span style="color: black;">Table 3 shows two three people in the household of Benjamin Buffum in 1820 that can't be accounted for based on the known members of his family. One, however, is the right age to be Sophia Wheelock, Olive's half-niece. This is consistent with the fact that Sophia does not appear to be living with her father in 1820.</span></div>
<center>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="break-inside: avoid; width: 234px;"><colgroup><col width="92"></col><col width="124"></col></colgroup><thead>
<tr><th bgcolor="#99ccff" colspan="2" width="224"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1830 Census Douglas</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Age Range and Gender</span></div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Possible Match (age)</span></div>
</th></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
5-9 male</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Farnum (8)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
15-19 male</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin, Jr. (19)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
15-19 male</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Paul (18)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
15-19 male</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Daniel (16)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
40-49 male</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin, Sr. (43)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
0-4 female</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Hannah (2)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
0-4 female</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Emeline (5)</b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
5-9 female</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Phebe (8)</b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
20-29 female</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Sophia (24)</b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
40-49 female</div>
</td><td width="124"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Olive (40)</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</center>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i>Table 4</i></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
By 1830, Sophia had two children, Phebe and Emeline, both of whom have matching entries in the 1830 census that cannot be filled by Olive's children.</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<center>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="break-inside: avoid; width: 239px;"><colgroup><col width="92"></col><col width="129"></col></colgroup><thead>
<tr><th bgcolor="#99ccff" colspan="2" width="229"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
1840 Census Douglas</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Age Range and Gender</span></div>
</th><th bgcolor="#99ccff" width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Possible Match (age)</span></div>
</th></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
10-14 male</div>
</td><td width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Farnum (18)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
50-59 male</div>
</td><td width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Benjamin, Sr. (53)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
10-14 female</div>
</td><td width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Hannah (12)</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
15-19 female</div>
</td><td width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Emeline (15)</b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
30-39 female</div>
</td><td width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Sophia (34)</b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="TOP"><td width="92"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
50-59 female</div>
</td><td width="129"><div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Olive (50)</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</center>
<div align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i>Table 5</i></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
By 1840, Sophia's daughter Phebe had married and probably moved out, as had three of Olive's children, Paul, Daniel, and Benjamin. There are no people of the right age to account for any of them in Benjamin Buffum's 1840 household. However, there are two females of ages that don't match any known children of Olive, but match Sophia and her daughter Emeline perfectly.</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
Farnum's age does not appear to have been tabulated correctly in the census, probably a mistake.</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
<div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
These records argue the plausibility of Sophia and her children living in Douglas in the household of Benjamin Buffum during these decades. There is, however, one piece of contradictory evidence. One of the Jan 1840 marriage records of Phebe Buffum (to Wellington Young) identifies her residence as Burrillville, Rhode Island.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote99sym" name="sdfootnote99anc" style="font-size: 14.4px;"><sup>99</sup></a> There are two possible explanations:</div>
<ol>
<li><div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
The record is incorrect. Other records of her marriage do not specify her residence as Burrillville.</div>
</li>
<li><div align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
She moved to Burrillville sometime between 1830 and her 1840 marriage.</div>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 style="margin-bottom: 0.08in;">
Source Citations</h2>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">1</a>See, for example, Owen A. Perkins, <i>Buffum Family</i>, Vol. 2 (Buffalo, NY : Buffum Family Association, 1983), p. 168; or Charles H. Buffum, "A Partial Record of the Buffum Family in New England," p. 33, manuscript, Mss A 4939, New England Historic and Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts; or David Buffum, <i>The Buffum Family of Rhode Island</i> (Newport, RI : FW Marshall Printer, 1890).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">2</a>"New England, Select United Methodist Church Records, 1787-1922," <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9134 : accessed 30 Jan 2019), Theological Library, Southern New England United Methodist Church Records, Bridgeton, Rhode Island, Laurel Hill Methodist Episcopal Church; see also James N. Arnold, <i>Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636 - 1850: First Series, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, Burrillville</i>, Vol 3, Part 2 (Providence: Naragansett Historical Publishing, 1892), p. 16; digital images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=3897 : accessed 25 March 2019), "Rhode Island, Vital Extracts, 1636-1899."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">3</a>Arnold, <i>Vital Records of Rhode Island, 1635 - 1850, </i>Vol 3, Part 2, Burrillville, p. 16.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote4">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">4</a>1850 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 140, family 137, pg. 343 (stamped), Benjamin Buffum household; National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) microfilm publication M432, roll 341; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MD94-9QC : retrieved 25 March 2019), indexed under "Benjamin Huffman."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote5">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote5anc" name="sdfootnote5sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">5</a>1855 Massachusetts state census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 102, family 122, Benjamin Buffum household; State Archives, Boston; FHL microfilm 953,962; database with images,<i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MQ48-D37 : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote6">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote6anc" name="sdfootnote6sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">6</a>1860 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 344, family 379, pg. 505 (handwritten), Sophia Wheelock in Willard Whipple household; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll 533; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZH2-YXZ : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote7">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote7anc" name="sdfootnote7sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">7</a>1865 Massachusetts state census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 52, family 53, Sophia Buffum in Albert Whipple household; State Archives, Boston; FHL microfilm 954,380; database with images, FamilySearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MQHT-3MY : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote8">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote8anc" name="sdfootnote8sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">8</a>1870 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 41, family 84, pg. 623 (stamped), pg. 9 (handwritten), Sophia Buffum in the Wm. M. Young household; NARA microfilm publication M593, roll 652; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MDQZ-1XZ : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote9">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote9anc" name="sdfootnote9sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">9</a>1880 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, ED 807, dwelling 75, family 144, pg. 16 (handwritten), Sophia Buffum in the Loren A. Buffum household; NARA microfilm publication T9, roll 563; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MHF9-92L : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote10">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote10anc" name="sdfootnote10sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">10</a>1900 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, ED 1603, dwelling 149, family 175, pg. not given, Sophia Buffum in the Loren A. Buffum household; NARA microfilm publication T623, roll 691; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M9BM-XWK : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote11">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote11anc" name="sdfootnote11sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">11</a>Massachusetts State Archives, Worcester deaths, 1861, Benjamin Buffum, vol. 149, p. 315; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i> (AmericanAncestors.org : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote12">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote12anc" name="sdfootnote12sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">12</a>Douglas deaths, 1901, Sophia Buffum, vol. 518, p. 304; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>(https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote13">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote13anc" name="sdfootnote13sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">13</a>Carlyle Capron Wheelock, Winifred (Thomson) (Argersinger) Gonseth, "Wheelock Genealogy," p. 167, manuscript, Mss 792, New England Historic and Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote14">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote14anc" name="sdfootnote14sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">14</a>Lewis Wilder Hicks, Thomas Seabury Wheelock, <i>Mr. Ralph Wheelock, Puritan</i> (Hartford, Connecticut: Case Lockwood & Brainard, 1899); digital images (https://archive.org/details/mrralphwheelockp00hickrich/page/n8 : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote15">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote15anc" name="sdfootnote15sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">15</a>1820 U.S. census, Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island, p. 4 (handwritten), Philetus Wheelock household; NARA microfilm publication M33, roll 117; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i>(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHG9-K3RC : retrieved 25 March 2019); also 1830 U.S. census, Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island, p. 305 (handwritten), p. 305 (stamped), Philetus Wheelock household; NARA microfilm publication M19, roll 168; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHP6-LNW : retrieved 25 March 2019); also 1840 U.S. census, Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island, p. 31 (stamped), Philetus Wheelock household; NARA microfilm publication M704, roll 505; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHYB-X4V : retrieved 25 March 2019); also <i>Find A Grave</i>, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 26 March 2019), headstone photo for Phyletus Wheelock, Find A Grave Memorial no. 154463609, Seth Wheelock Lot, Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island, maintained by Rick Sullivan (contributor 47425941).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote16">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote16anc" name="sdfootnote16sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">16</a>James N. Arnold, <i>Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636 - 1850: First Series, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, Burrillville</i>, Vol 3, Part 2 (Providence: Naragansett Historical Publishing, 1892), p. 16.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote17">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote17anc" name="sdfootnote17sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">17</a>Douglas marriages, 1863, Buffum-Humes, vol. 164, p. 164; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>(https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019); also Philetus Buffum (Pvt., Regiment 24, Company H, Infantry, Civil War), pension application no. 159,188, certificate no. 120,197, "Case Files of Approved Pension Applications of Widows and Other Dependents ..., 1861-1934," Civil War and Later Pension Files, Record Group 15: Records of the Department of Veterans Affairs, 1773-2007, NAID 300020, National Archives, Washington, D.C.; database with images, <i>Fold3.com</i> (https://www.fold3.com/title/24/civil-war-widows-pensions : accessed 9 Mar 2019), search for "Philetus Buffum."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote18">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote18anc" name="sdfootnote18sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">18</a>Uxbridge deaths, 1911, Emeline (Buffum) Whipple, vol. 1911/99 Death, p. 249; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1911-1915," digital images,<i>AmericanAncestors.org</i> (https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/192/massachusetts-vital-records-1911-1915 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote19">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote19anc" name="sdfootnote19sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">19</a>See, for example, Roderick Sullivan, <i>Wheelock Genealogy</i> (https://www.WheelockGenealogy.com : accessed 28 March 2019); also <i>Wikitree</i> (https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wheelock-1569 : accessed 28 March 2019), Olive Wheelock; also Carlyle Capron Wheelock, Winifred (Thomson) (Argersinger) Gonseth, "Wheelock Genealogy," manuscript, Mss 792, New England Historic and Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote20">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote20anc" name="sdfootnote20sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">20</a><i>Find A Grave</i>, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 26 March 2019), memorial page with photo for Avis Handy Wheelock, Find A Grave Memorial no. 63436201, Stone-Matteson Lot, Coventry, Kent County, RI, created 29 December 2010.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote21">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote21anc" name="sdfootnote21sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">21</a>1820 U.S. census, Burrillville, Providence County, Rhode Island, p. 4 (handwritten), Philetus Wheelock household; digital images FamilySearch.org (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHG9-K3RC : retrieved 25 March 2019); also 1820 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, Benjamin Buffum, Jr. Household; NARA microfilm publication M33, roll 54; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i>(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHGM-Y7B : retrieved 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote22">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote22anc" name="sdfootnote22sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">22</a>"Douglas Records of Births, Marriages, Deaths 1844-1860, Vol 2," no page numbers, Wheelock-Whipple marriage, Douglas Town Clerk's office, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts; "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2495 : accessed 20 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote23">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote23anc" name="sdfootnote23sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">23</a>Douglas marriages, 1863, Buffum-Humes, vol. 164, p. 164, Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>(https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote24">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote24anc" name="sdfootnote24sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">24</a>Douglas marriages, 1864, Buffum-Shove, vol. 173, p. 189; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>(https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote25">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote25anc" name="sdfootnote25sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">25</a>Douglas deaths, 1910, Phebe Young, vol. 1910/34 (death), p. 475 (amended); Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images,<i>AmericanAncestors.org</i> (https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote26">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote26anc" name="sdfootnote26sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">26</a>Uxbridge deaths, 1911, Emeline Whipple, vol. 1911/99 (death), p. 249; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>(https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote27">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote27anc" name="sdfootnote27sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">27</a>Douglas deaths, 1925, Loren A. Buffum, vol. 18, p. 455; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote28">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote28anc" name="sdfootnote28sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">28</a>"Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2495 : accessed 2 Feb 2019); "Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843, Vol 1," p. 81, Douglas Town Clerk's office, Douglas, Massachusetts.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote29">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote29anc" name="sdfootnote29sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">29</a>"Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2495 : accessed 2 Feb 2019); "Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843, Vol 1," p. 15, Douglas Town Clerk's office, Douglas, MA.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote30">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote30anc" name="sdfootnote30sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">30</a>Douglas births, 1843, Julius Whelock, vol. 18, p. 455; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors</i>.org (https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote31">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote31anc" name="sdfootnote31sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">31</a>"Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843, Vol 1," Young-Buffum, pp. 157, 225, Douglas Town Clerk's office, Douglas, Massachusetts; "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2495 : accessed 2 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote32">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote32anc" name="sdfootnote32sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">32</a>Philetus Buffum (Pvt., Regiment 24, Company H, Infantry, Civil War), pension application no. 159,188, certificate no. 120,197; database with images, <i>Fold3.com</i> (https://www.fold3.com/title/24/civil-war-widows-pensions : accessed 9 Mar 2019), search for "Philetus Buffum."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote33">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote33anc" name="sdfootnote33sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">33</a>1900 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, ED 1603, dwelling 149, family 175, pg. not given, Sophia Buffum in the Loren A. Buffum household.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote34">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote34anc" name="sdfootnote34sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">34</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 29047, series B, 1901, Sophia Buffum will, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote35">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote35anc" name="sdfootnote35sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">35</a>Perkins, <i>Buffum Family</i>, p. 168.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote36">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote36anc" name="sdfootnote36sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">36</a><i>Vital Records of Douglas Massachusettts, to the End of the Year 1849</i> (Worcester, MA: Franklin P. Rice, 1906), p. 158; images, AmericanAncestors.org (https://www.americanancestors.org/databases/massachusetts-vital-records-1620-1850 : accessed 26 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote37">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote37anc" name="sdfootnote37sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">37</a>Roderick B. Sullivan, <i>WheelockGenealogy.com</i> (http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/ralphdsc/d0004/g0000038.html#I3622 : accessed 26 March 2019), Olive Wheelock family group sheet.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote38">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote38anc" name="sdfootnote38sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">38</a><i>Vital Records of Douglas Massachusetts, to the End of the Year 1849</i>, p. 170.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote39">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote39anc" name="sdfootnote39sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">39</a>For births, see "Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843, Vol 1," p. 15.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote40">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote40anc" name="sdfootnote40sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">40</a>For marriage, see Thomas W. Baldwin, <i>Vital Records of Uxbridge, Massachusetts to the Year 1850</i> (Boston: Wright & Potter Printing, 1916), p. 220; "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i> (https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/190/massachusetts-vital-records-1620-1850 : accessed 26 March 2019); for death, see Douglas deaths, 1908, Benjamin Buffum, vol. 1908/33 death, p. 57; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>(https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/191/massachusetts-vital-records-1841-1910 : accessed 3 Feb 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote41">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote41anc" name="sdfootnote41sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">41</a>For marriage, see Thomas W. Baldwin, <i>Vital Records of Mendon, Massachusetts to the Year 1850</i> (Boston: Wright & Potter Printing), p. 256; for death, see Worcester deaths, 1896, Paul Buffum, vol. 465, p. 793; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote42">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote42anc" name="sdfootnote42sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">42</a>For marriage, see Thomas W. Baldwin, <i>Vital Records of Uxbridge, Massachusetts to the Year 1850</i>, p. 220; for death, see Douglas deaths, 1894, Daniel Buffum, vol. 447, p. 595, Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote43">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote43anc" name="sdfootnote43sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">43</a>For marriage, see "Rhode Island Town Marriages Index, 1639-1916," database, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F8VR-PQN : accessed 24 March 2019), Buffum-Ray marriage; citing Cumberland, Providence, Rhode Island, town halls, and Rhode Island Historical Society, Providence; FHL microfilm 428; for death, see Uxbridge deaths, 1896, Farnum Buffum, vol. 465, p. 723, Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote44">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote44anc" name="sdfootnote44sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">44</a>For marriage, see "Rhode Island Town Marriages Index, 1639-1916," database, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q24H-376V : accessed 24 March 2019), Slocum-Buffum marriage; citing Providence, Providence County, Rhode Island, town halls, Rhode Island Historical Society, Providence; FHL microfilm 63; for death, see "Rhode Island Deaths and Burials, 1802-1950," database with images,<i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F86G-421 : accessed 3 Feb 2019), Hannah M. Slocum death record; Lincoln, Providence County, Rhode Island; FHL microfilm 2,156,312.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote45">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote45anc" name="sdfootnote45sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">45</a>1840 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, p. 76 (stamped), Benjamin Buffum household; NARA microfilm publication M704, roll 201; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i>(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHTX-HR2 : retrieved 25 March 2019); also 1850 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 140, family 137, pg. 343 (stamped), Benjamin Buffum household; also 1855 Massachusetts state census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 102, family 122, Benjamin Buffum household; also 1860 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 138, family 152, p. 17 (handwritten), Aldis Humes household.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote46">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote46anc" name="sdfootnote46sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">46</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 421:492; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2106411 : accessed 26 March 2019), Worcester County, vol 420–421, image 602.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote47">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote47anc" name="sdfootnote47sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">47</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:176; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i>, Worcester County, vol 507-508, image 95.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote48">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote48anc" name="sdfootnote48sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">48</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:177; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i>, Worcester County, vol 507-508, image 95; also Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 588:260 (amended); Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i>, Worcester County, vol 587-588, image 488.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote49">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote49anc" name="sdfootnote49sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">49</a>Douglas marriages, 1863, Buffum-Humes, vol. 164, p. 164, Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote50">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote50anc" name="sdfootnote50sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">50</a>Douglas marriages, 1864, Buffum-Shove, vol. 173, p. 189; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote51">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote51anc" name="sdfootnote51sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">51</a>Douglas deaths, 1910, Phebe Young, vol. 1910/34 (death), p. 475 (amended); Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images,<i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote52">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote52anc" name="sdfootnote52sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">52</a>Uxbridge deaths, 1911, Emeline Whipple, vol. 1911/99 (death), p. 249; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote53">
<div align="LEFT" class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="font-family: "timesnewromanpsmt" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote53anc" name="sdfootnote53sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">53</a>Douglas deaths, 1925, Loren A. Buffum, vol. 18, p. 455; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote54">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote54anc" name="sdfootnote54sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">54</a>Arnold, <i>Vital Record of Rhode Island, 1636 - 1850: First Series, Births, Marriages, and Deaths, Burrillville</i>, Vol 3, Part 2 , p. 16.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote55">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote55anc" name="sdfootnote55sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">55</a>Worcester deaths, 1861, Benjamin Buffum, vol. 149, p. 315, Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote56">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote56anc" name="sdfootnote56sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">56</a>1850 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 140, family 137, pg. 343 (stamped), Benjamin Buffum household</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote57">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote57anc" name="sdfootnote57sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">57</a>1855 Massachusetts state census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 132, family 161, Asa T. Dudley household; State Archives, Boston; FHL microfilm 953,962; database with images,<i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MQ4D-VLW : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote58">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote58anc" name="sdfootnote58sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">58</a>1860 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 344, family 379, pg. 505 (handwritten), Willard Whipple household.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote59">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote59anc" name="sdfootnote59sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">59</a>1860 U.S. census, Uxbridge, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 715, family 1051, pg. 135 (handwritten), Loren Buffum in Stephen Paine household; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll 531; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZC3-P2B : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote60">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote60anc" name="sdfootnote60sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">60</a>1860 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 138, family 152, p. 17 (handwritten), Benjamin Buffum in Aldis Humes household; NARA microfilm publication M653, roll 533; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MZH2-TG6 : accessed 25 March 2019).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote61">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote61anc" name="sdfootnote61sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">61</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 17820, series A, 1847, Samuel Dudley (of Douglas) will, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester; images, "Massachusetts, Worcester County, Probate Files, 1731-1925," <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2102083 : accessed 27 March 2019), Case no 17817-17899, image 24.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote62">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote62anc" name="sdfootnote62sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">62</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 44817, series A, 1864, Stephen Paine (of Uxbridge) administration, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester; images, "Worcester County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1731-1881," <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i> (https://www.AmericanAncestors.org : accessed 27 March 2019), search for "Stephen Paine."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote63">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote63anc" name="sdfootnote63sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">63</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deeds 421:486, Benjamin Buffum to Asa Thayer, and 421:488, Benjamin Buffum to Daniel Kempton; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986,"<i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2106411 : accessed 26 March 2019), Worcester County, Deeds 1847 vol 420–421, starting at image 600.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote64">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote64anc" name="sdfootnote64sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">64</a>1850 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 140, family 137, pg. 343 (stamped), Benjamin Buffum household, zero real estate value; also 1860 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 138, family 152, p. 479 (handwritten), Benjamin Buffum in Aldis Humes household, zero real estate value.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote65">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote65anc" name="sdfootnote65sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">65</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deeds 507:176, Benjamin Buffum Jr to Benjamin Buffum, and 507:177, Benjamin Buffum to James E. Simmons; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2106411 : accessed 26 March 2019), Worcester County, Deeds 1853 vol 507-508, starting at image 95.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote66">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote66anc" name="sdfootnote66sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">66</a>Philetus Buffum (Pvt., Regiment 24, Company H, Infantry, Civil War), pension application no. 159,188, certificate no. 120,197, Deposition of Asa Thayer and Wellington Young; database with images, <i>Fold3.com</i>(https://www.fold3.com/title/24/civil-war-widows-pensions : accessed 9 Mar 2019), search for "Philetus Buffum," WC120197, p. 19.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote67">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote67anc" name="sdfootnote67sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">67</a>"Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843, Vol 1," p. 15, Douglas Town Clerk's office, Douglas, Massachusetts; "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2495 : accessed 2 Feb 2019) > Douglas > Births, Marriages, and Deaths > p. 15.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote68">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<i><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote68anc" name="sdfootnote68sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">68</a>Vital Records of Douglas Massachusettts, to the End of the Year 1849</i> (Worcester, MA: Franklin P. Rice, 1906), p. 90; also "Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843," Vol. 1, pp. 157, 225; viewed at "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2495 : accessed 2 Feb 2019) > Douglas > Births, Marriages, and Deaths > pp. 157, 225.</div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote69">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote69anc" name="sdfootnote69sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">69</a>Douglas deaths, 1910, Phebe Young, vol. 1910/34 (death), p. 475 (amended); Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images,<i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote70">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote70anc" name="sdfootnote70sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">70</a>"Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843," Vol. 1, p. 81, Emeline Wheelock birth; also <i>Vital Records of Douglas Massachusettts, to the End of the Year 1849</i>, p. 158, Wheelock-Whipple marriage; also "Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1844-1860," Vol. 2, unnumbered pages, Wheelock-Whipple mariage, Douglas Town Clerks office, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote71">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote71anc" name="sdfootnote71sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">71</a>Uxbridge deaths, 1911, Emeline Whipple, vol. 1911/99 (death), p. 249; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote72">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote72anc" name="sdfootnote72sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">72</a>1850 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 140, family 137, pg. 343 (stamped), Phyletus Wheelock in Benjamin Buffum household; also 1855 Massachusetts state census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 132, family 161, Phyletus Wheelock in Asa T. Dudley household; also 1860 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 344, family 379, pg. 505 (handwritten), Phyletus Wheelock in Willard Whipple household.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote73">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote73anc" name="sdfootnote73sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">73</a>Philetus Buffum (Pvt., Regiment 24, Company H, Infantry, Civil War), pension application no. 159,188, certificate no. 120,197; "Civil War Widows Pensions," database with images, <i>Fold3.com</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote74">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote74anc" name="sdfootnote74sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">74</a>Douglas marriages, 1863, Buffum-Humes, vol. 164, p. 164; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston; "Massachusetts: Vital Records, 1841-1910," digital images, <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote75">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote75anc" name="sdfootnote75sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">75</a>A May 1843 birth record for Julius Wheelock was found, this may be the birth record for Loren. See Douglas births, 1843, Julius Whelock, vol. 18, p. 455; Vital Records, Massachusetts State Archives, Boston.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote76">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote76anc" name="sdfootnote76sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">76</a>1850 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, dwelling 140, family 137, pg. 343 (stamped), Loren Wheelock in Benjamin Buffum household.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote77">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote77anc" name="sdfootnote77sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">77</a>See previously cited 1855, 1860, 1870, 1880, 1900, census records, 1864 marriage record, and 1925 death record. For draft record, see "U.S., Civil War Draft Registrations Records, 1863-1865," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/consolidatedlistsofcivilwarreg : accessed 27 March 2019), search for "Lorin Buffum."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote78">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote78anc" name="sdfootnote78sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">78</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 645:367, Albert Whipple to Benjamin Buffum; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i>(https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2106411 : accessed 26 March 2019), Worcester County, Deeds 1861 vol 644-645, image 535; also deed 650:340, Albert Whipple to Daniel & Farnum Buffum; Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2106411 : accessed 26 March 2019), Worcester County, Deeds 1862 vol 649-650, image 515.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote79">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote79anc" name="sdfootnote79sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">79</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 8749, series A, 1830, Benjamin Buffum (of Douglas) will, and probate case 8760, series A, 1838, Phebe Buffum (of Douglas) will, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester; images, "Massachusetts, Worcester County, Probate Files, 1731-1925," <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2102083 : accessed 27 March 2019), Case no 8733-8819, images 140, 279.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote80">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote80anc" name="sdfootnote80sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">80</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 20049, series B, 1896, Paul Buffum (of Worcester) will, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester; digital images, <i>Ancestry.com</i>(https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/usprobatema : accessed 28 March 2019), search for "Paul Buffum."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote81">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote81anc" name="sdfootnote81sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">81</a>Lincoln, Providence County, Rhode Island, Letters, Vol. 3, letter of administration, p. 112, Probate Bonds, Vol. 2, administrators bond, p. 88; Lincoln Town Clerk's office; "Rhode Island, Wills and Probate Records, 1582-1932," digital images, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/usprobateri : accessed 28 March 2019), search for "Hannah M. Slocum."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote82">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote82anc" name="sdfootnote82sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">82</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 16575, series B, 1894, Daniel Buffum (of Douglas) will, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote83">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote83anc" name="sdfootnote83sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">83</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 20052, series B, 1896, Farnum Buffum (of Uxbridge) administration, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote84">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote84anc" name="sdfootnote84sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">84</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, probate case 47346, series B, 1910, Phebe Young (of Douglas) administration, and probate case 85130, series B, 1925, Loren A. Buffum (of Douglas) will, Worcester County Probate and Family Court, Worcester. Emeline Whipple and Phyletus Buffum left no probate records.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote85">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote85anc" name="sdfootnote85sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">85</a>Dr. Elizabeth Sheff, "Three Waves of Non-Monogamy: A Select History of Polyamory in the United States," <i>Sheff Consulting</i>, https://elisabethsheff.com, Blog, posted 9 September 2012 (https://elisabethsheff.com/2012/09/09/three-waves-of-polyamory-a-select-history-of-non-monogamy/85 : accessed 28 March 2019), paragraphs 1-4.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote86">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote86anc" name="sdfootnote86sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">86</a>Sophia apparently has no direct male line descendants living past 1950, eliminating the possibility of Y chromosome matches.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote87">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote87anc" name="sdfootnote87sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">87</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 421:492.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote88">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote88anc" name="sdfootnote88sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">88</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:176.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote89">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote89anc" name="sdfootnote89sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">89</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:177.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote90">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote90anc" name="sdfootnote90sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">90</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 588:260 (amended).</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote91">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote91anc" name="sdfootnote91sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">91</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:176, in which the reference to earlier deed 421:492 is phrased as "being a part of the land conveyed to grantor by deed of grantee in April 1847."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote92">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote92anc" name="sdfootnote92sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">92</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:176, in which the parcel is identify as "being the same that was conved [conveyed] formerly to said Benjamin Buffum by the Congregational Society in Douglas or some other persons by Chester Morse and Amos Fairbanks and which said deed is supposed to be recorded." The referenced deed is 334:383, Chester Morse and Amos Fairbanks to Benjamin Buffum, 16 July 1838.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote93">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote93anc" name="sdfootnote93sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">93</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:176, signed 22 January 1853.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote94">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote94anc" name="sdfootnote94sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">94</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:177, signed 31 March 1853.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote95">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote95anc" name="sdfootnote95sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">95</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 507:177, in which the property conveyed to James E. Simmons is identified "as the same tract of land quitclaimed to me [Benjamin Buffum] by Asa Thayer by deed recorded in the Registry of deed for said County Book 421, Page 490," which in turn refers to the parcel as "a tract of parcel of Real Estate formerly conveyed from Chester Morse and Amos Fairbank to Benjamin Buffum by a deed bearing date the 16th day of July A.D. 1838 and recorded in the Registry of deeds a Worcester Book 334, Page 383."</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote96">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote96anc" name="sdfootnote96sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">96</a>Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed 588:260, Sophia Buffum to James E. Simmons, 17 October 1857.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote97">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote97anc" name="sdfootnote97sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">97</a>Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts, deed indexes, grantor and grantee, Registry of Deeds, Worcester; "Massachusetts Land Records, 1620-1986," digital images, <i>FamilySearch.org</i>(https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2106411 : accessed 28 March 2019), negative (manual) search for a Benjamin Buffum as grantor or grantee in deeds recorded between 1853 and 1859, signed between the dates 22 January 1853 and 31 March 1853, for transactions involving the 40 acre parcel identified in 334:383.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote98">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote98anc" name="sdfootnote98sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">98</a>1820 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, Benjamin Buffum, Jr. household; 1830 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, pg. 238 (handwritten), Benjamin Buffum Jr. household; NARA microfilm publication M19, roll 68; digital images <i>FamilySearch.org</i> (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XH58-36R : retrieved 25 March 2019); 1840 U.S. census, Douglas, Worcester County, Massachusetts, p. 76 (stamped), Benjamin Buffum household.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote99">
<div class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.2in; text-indent: -0.2in;">
<span style="color: black;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="file:///C:/Users/Rick/SkyDrive/Documents/Rick%20Sullivan/TravellingGenealogy/Projects/SophiaWheelockBuffum/t_html/SophiaWheelockBuffum_v8.html#sdfootnote99anc" name="sdfootnote99sym" style="margin-right: 0.1in;">99</a>"Douglas Records of Births, Deaths, & Marriages 1718-1843," Vol. 1, pp. 157; viewed at "Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988," database with images, <i>Ancestry.com</i>.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9160331925044687205.post-39444583584967146912016-11-18T05:00:00.000-08:002016-11-18T05:00:58.238-08:00Medfield Historical Society Talk About Wheelock Descendants, 3 Oct 2016<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">
Preamble To This Blog Entry</span></h2>
<div>
The following is more or less an exact transcript of the talk I gave to the Medfield Historical Society in Medfield, MA, 3 Oct 2016. The items in angle brackets <> signify slide transitions to the specified PowerPoint slide. You can find a PDF version of the slide deck <a href="http://files.constantcontact.com/dafba9c2201/1172d126-2cde-4491-ab77-f2678cbbc6ee.pdf">here</a>. The talk was well attended, with about 30 or 35 people, and lasted about 50 minutes, with a 15 minute question and answer session.<br />
<br />
There are frequent mentions of the bibliography. This can be found on the Wheelock Genealogy website <a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/pages/bibliogr.htm">here</a>.</div>
<div>
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Who I Am</span></h2>
My name is Rick Sullivan; and I'm very happy to be here talking to you today. First, a little about who I am. My mother was Betty Jean Wheelock, a direct descendant of Rev. Ralph Wheelock, whom you all know as the founder of Medfield. I've been fascinated by the Wheelock family history for two decades now, and love talking about it. In the mid 1990s I found a way to combine my love of computers with my love for genealogy by creating the Wheelock Genealogy website. At the time, this was a new and exciting way to publish a genealogy, so that everybody could see it, and could participate in it's growth and improvement. People, could suggest corrections and add missing details. This allowed the genealogy to grow over time and become more accurate. And more importantly, it's allowed me to connect with relatives and Wheelock genealogy enthusiasts all over the country and the world - hear their stories, and share them with all on the website.
<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">What This Talk Is About</span></h2>
The challenge in talking about family history, especially to people who don't share it, is to make it interesting. From my perspective it's a priori interesting. Almost any random fact about Wheelock history will get my rapt attention. But, as I've discovered over the years, other people don't share my boundless enthusiasm. So, my modest goal tonight is to not be boring, and to tell you something interesting about the progeny of Rev. Ralph Wheelock.<br />
<br />
Working in my favor is the fact that the story of his descendants is shared by many who came to Massachusetts during the 1600s. Though the details differ, the broad outlines will be familiar to anyone who can trace their ancestry back to early colonial America. So, in a way, this story belongs to all of us.<br />
<br />
I'll start with a brief overview of Ralph Wheelock’s life, before coming to Medfield. I'm not going to cover his life in Medfield, because this audience is mostly familiar with that, and if not, the info is readily available in local history books.<br />
<br />
I'll then talk about the origins of the Wheelock surname in America, because not all are descended from Ralph. I'll talk about some of the early relocation patterns, the movements of people to new towns, which I think will look similar for many early colonial families.<br />
<br />
Then I'll talk about Rev. Eleazar Wheelock, because he's probably the most famous colonial Wheelock. I'll talk about Wheelock participation in the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and the Industrial Revolution. Finally, I'll close with a mention of some famous descendants of Ralph.<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">A Little About Ralph</span></h2>
<Ralph Wheelock Slide><br />
<br />
Rev. Ralph Wheelock was born in 1600 in Shropshire, England. He was a Puritan minister who got his graduate degree at Clare Hall in Cambridge, which, at the time, was the center of the Puritan movement. The Puritans had strongly held opinions about big changes that should be made to the Church of England - changes that threatened the establishment - namely the clerics and the monarchy. As a result, many Puritan ministers were under heavy pressure from the monarchy and the church; many were being dismissed from their positions, excommunicated, and in extreme cases, imprisoned or executed. It's not known exactly why Ralph decided to emigrate, but it seems likely he did so because of this oppression, and perhaps under duress. He had three young children at the time, his wife was in the late stages of pregnancy with their fourth; it's hard to imagine she was eager to take a six week voyage of uncertain outcome on rough seas. But whatever the reason, Ralph and family left England and arrived in Massachusetts in 1637. By July of that year, Ralph had signed the Dedham Covenant, and for the next 14 years played a leading role in that town. My guess is that he had hoped to retain the pastor's position there, but that was not to be. Instead, he held various other leadership positions. He was one of eight men chosen for "ye ordering of towne affairs", similar to a modern day selectman. He was chosen to assist the surveyor in laying out lots, and in 1644 the town voted to pay for the construction of a public school, and Ralph Wheelock was appointed headmaster.<br />
<br />
<Picture of the first public school house><br />
<br />
This is the first tax-payer funded public school in America, and Ralph is credited with being the first public school teacher in America. This picture is a reconstruction from early town records of what the school must have looked like.<br />
<br />
As we'll see, Ralph Wheelocks teaching career established a tradition that was passed down to some of his heirs.<br />
<br />
Of course, another demonstration of the trust the town of Dedham placed in Ralph is that he was chosen to lead the effort to establish the new town of Medfield, farther up the Charles River.<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Wheelock Surname In America</span></h2>
Ralph and his wife Rebecca had nine children. Most of them lived to a ripe old age, giving Ralph and Rebecca almost fifty grandchildren, and at least 155 great grandchildren. Nobody knows exactly how many descendants of Ralph and Rebecca survive today, but there seem to be quite a few of us.<br />
<br />
<Wheelock Progenitors in America Slide><br />
<br />
There are over 5000 Wheelocks in the white pages. Not all of them, it turns out, are descendants of Ralph. Some of them are descendants of a James Wheelock, of Virginia, whose ancestry is not certain, but does not seem to be descended from Ralph. Some of them are Native Americans, who adopted the Wheelock surname, for reasons that will become clearer later in the talk. Some are descendants of a Charles Wheelock, who came to the United States from Ireland in 1810. And some are descendants of a South American branch of the family, founded by Thomas Wheelock of England, who emigrated to Peru in the mid 1800s. His descendants live throughout the Americas.<br />
<br />
And there are, no doubt, Wheelocks who descend from others that I haven't mentioned, but in my experience, the vast majority of people with the Wheelock surname in this country are descended from Ralph and Rebecca.<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Early Patterns of Relocation</span></h2>
<Early Massachusetts Relocation Patterns Slide><br />
<br />
Like all other colonial families in New England, the descendants of Ralph were constantly pushing the boundaries of the frontier, looking for new lands with which to make a living. Ralph himself did this twice in his life, coming first to the new world in 1637, and later to Medfield in 1651.<br />
<br />
And for the next 200 years his progeny did the same. His daughter Record was an early settler of Marlborough, marrying into the Ward family there. Ralph's son Benjamin was an early settler of Mendon, and appears on the founders monument near the center of town. Descendants of Benjamin spread into Uxbridge, MA, and Smithfield, Glocester, and Burrillville, RI.<br />
<br />
Ralph's grandchildren were early settlers of Shrewsbury. Samuel Wheelock signed one of the original deeds there, and was a founder of the first church. His son Gershom Wheelock is credited with building the first house in Shrewsbury. Elizabeth Ward describes the construction of this house in her book "Old Times In Shrewsbury":<br />
<br />
He labored alone that winter, keeping up his spirits through the cold, dreary days by his merry whistling, sleeping in the loft and pulling the ladder up after him at night, always whistling his morning song before putting it down again. His courage never failed until the spring birds sang to him while he whistled, and the house was done; then he married Abigail Flagg of Marlboro, and housekeeping began in Shrewsbury.<br />
Descendants of Samuel and Gershom spread into Grafton, Millbury, Sutton; and later into Cavendish, and Eden, VT, and New Ipswich, NH.<br />
<br />
Descendants of Ralph also spread into Nova Scotia, under interesting circumstances typical for many New England families in the 1760s.<br />
<br />
<Nova Scotia – Deportation of the Acadians Slide><br />
<br />
After the British won the French and Indian War, they decided it was necessary to forcibly remove the French settlers (also called the Acadians) from Nova Scotia. The Acadians had refused unconditional loyalty to Britain, and were engaging in military operations against the British, in support of the French. As a consequence, approximately 11,500 Acadians were forcibly deported, leaving entire farms and fisheries vacant. In order to populate the now largely empty region with loyal British subjects, land grants were offered to New Englanders. Thousands took advantage of this offering, including at least four members of the Wheelock family, three of whom were brothers, the fourth of whom went separately, probably without knowledge of the other three. All went in the 1760s, establishing a large branch of the Wheelock family tree that survives still today.<br />
<br />
<map of the Holland Land Purchase><br />
<br />
After the Revolutionary War, most of western NY was put up for sale by the Holland Land Company, at a cost of between $2.50 and $10 per acre, (http://niagara2008.com/history76.html) and many from New England took advantage of the opportunity, including Wheelocks from Charlton, who were early settlers of Batavia, Concord, Holland, Hamburg, and other towns in western New York.<br />
<br />
Over subsequent generations, members of the Wheelock family continued to move westward, settling Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, Texas, Utah, and California. The Wheelock family played a particularly interesting role in the early history of Texas. There is an amazing book by Mary Foster Hutchinson that covers the life of Col. Eleazar Louis Ripley Wheelock, who was a Captain in the Texas Rangers, and founded Wheelock, Texas. I've included this in the bibliography, for anyone interested.<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">The Great Awakening in New England: Eleazar Wheelock</span></h2>
<Slide of Eleazar Wheelock><br />
<br />
Perhaps the most famous Wheelock in colonial history was Dr. Eleazar Wheelock, great-grandson of Ralph. Eleazar came of age during the First Great Awakening, a religious revival that swept through the colonies in the mid-1700s.<br />
<br />
<Great Awakening Slide – George Whitefield Preaching><br />
<br />
The Great Awakening brought about a religious zeal that differed dramatically from the uptight and stiff Puritanism that dominated the previous century. It was characterized by great fervor and emotion during prayer. It emphasized religious principles over pursuit of wealth and worldly matters; and featured traveling evangelists who gave passionate sermons to large crowds, and conducted dramatic religious conversions.<br />
<br />
Wheelock, a graduate of Yale Divinity School, was an enthusiastic supporter of the Great Awakening. Like George Whitefield, Wheelock was himself an itinerant preacher, even though he had a permanent position as pastor of the Second Congregational Church in Lebanon, CT. In 1741 he travelled throughout Connecticut, preaching and promoting the Awakening. In that year he was said to have written 465 sermons in support of revivalism. He was considered by his contemporaries to be the "chief intelligencer of revival news".<br />
<br />
Not surprisingly, the Great Awakening threatened established religious institutions, and led to religious divisions throughout the colonies. In 1743, the Connecticut Assembly clamped down on the revivalist movements, putting in place many rules and regulations that inhibited growth of revivalism. One such rule was that pastors who preached outside of their own congregation could not collect a salary.<br />
<br />
<picture of Samson Occom><br />
<br />
This left Wheelock in need of another source of income. Toward that end, he began to take students into his home, one of whom was Samson Occam, a Mohican who knew English, and had been converted to Christianity in his childhood. Rev. Wheelock had great success preparing Samson Occom for the ministry. As a result of Wheelocks instruction, Occam went on to become a popular Presbyterian minister, preaching to Native American and colonial audiences.<br />
<br />
With that success in his pocket, Wheelock was inspired to set up a school for Native Americans. The idea was to instill religious education in the boys, so they could return to their native culture as missionaries. The girls, lest we think they were forgotten, were to be taught “housewifery”. He spent considerable time and effort raising money for this new school; and toward this end sent Samson Occom and a Presbyterian Minister named Nathaniel Whitaker to England to raise funds. They had success, and came back with 12000 pounds, which was held in trust by an English board of trustees, headed by the Earl of Dartmouth. Unfortunately, he did not have as much success finding students among the Native population. In retrospect, it hardly seems surprising that Native Americans might not be deeply interested in spending years studying colonial American religion. But at the time, it seemed like a good idea to Wheelock, and to many others.<br />
<br />
This was a serious setback for Wheelock, who was forced to come up with plan B, which was to expand his idea for the school to include a college for the education of whites as well as Native Americans. He obtained a charter for his school from King George III, named it Dartmouth, became it’s first president, and graduated the first class of four students in 1771. One of these students was his son John Wheelock, who became the second president of Dartmouth College.<br />
<br />
Despite it’s start as a school for Native Americans, it fell far short of it’s goal. After 200 years of operation, it graduated only 19 Native Americans. In 1970, John Kemeny, the 13th president of Dartmouth, recommitted the college to it’s founding purpose. He established a program to actively recruit Native American students, and by 2016, 700 Native Americans from over 200 different tribes have attended Dartmouth, more than all the other Ivy League schools combined.<br />
<br />
I mentioned earlier that many Native Americans bear the Wheelock surname, especially amongst the Oneida Nation of Wisconsin. During colonial times it was common for Native Americans to adopt English surnames. Rev. Wheelock, his family, and students interacted extensively with Native American tribes, especially the Oneida; though we don’t know exactly when, one or more of them took the surname, possibly in tribute to Rev. Eleazar Wheelock.<br />
<br />
<Lucy Wheelock Slide><br />
<br />
Rev. Eleazar Wheelock was not the only Wheelock interested in education. His distant cousin, several times removed was Lucy Wheelock, who founded Wheelock College in Boston. She had a keen interest in childhood education, taught kindergarten for many years, and gained a reputation as an excellent teacher. She put her experience to work educating other kindergarten teachers, taking more students, expanding the curriculum, and in 1941 Wheelock School incorporated and became Wheelock College.<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Wheelocks And the Revolutionary War</span></h2>
I'm not going to say much about the Revolutionary war, except to note that the highest ranking Wheelock participants tended to run in families. I count about 63 distinct Wheelocks in the Revolutionary War rolls, most from Massachusetts.<br />
<br />
The highest ranking of these were 3 Massachusetts colonels:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Col Ephraim Wheelock (g-grandson of Ralph), of Medfield, commander of 4th Suffolk County Regiment</li>
<li>Lt. Col Moses Wheelock (his brother), of Westborough, commander in the 6th Worcester Co Regiment</li>
<li>Col Silas Wheelock (Ephraims cousin, once removed), of Mendon, commander of the 7th Worcester Co Regiment</li>
</ul>
<br />
And 2 high ranking officers from Vermont<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Lt. Col John Wheelock, son of Dr. Eleazar Wheelock (corresponded with George Washington)</li>
<li>Lt. Eleazar Wheelock (his brother), ditto, corresponded with Thomas Jefferson</li>
</ul>
<br />
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Wheelocks And the Civil War</span></h2>
<div>
<div>
<civil war slide></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I count about 215 distinct men with the Wheelock surname who fought in the Civil War. The vast majority of these were Union soldiers who descended from Ralph. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But there were quite a few with the Wheelock surname who fought for the Confederate cause. Most of these were probably descendants of James Wheelock of Virginia; but a few are descendants of Ralph. Three of these are sons of Josephus Wheelock, whose life story is probably typical of many southern families with northern origins.</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
Josephus was born in Massachusetts, fought in the War of 1812 for Vermont, and then moved to Alabama in a mass migration of settlers that has been called "Alabama Fever". "Alabama Fever" was triggered by the forcible removal of the Creek Indians from their southern homelands into reservations farther west. This was a forerunner to the "Trail of Tears", which happened a decade later. The Creek clearances opened vast tracts of lands for settlement, and Josephus was one of the many northerners who took part in this. He went south probably around 1820 or 22, married a southern woman, and had many children in Alabama and Arkansas. In the 1840 census he's listed as a farmer with 11 slaves.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
His wife died at a relatively early age, before the civil war, after which he married a northern woman from Vermont. At least three of his sons fought for the confederacy, but he claimed himself loyal to the Union. After the war, Congress created the "Southern Claims Commission" to reimburse southern loyalists for lost goods and property damage suffered at the hands of the Union Army. He made such a claim for $12,377.16, but was denied, possibly because he died during the process. His wife moved back north shortly after his death. His Confederate sons survived the war, and lived out the remainder of their lives in Arkansas.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
There are 5 Wheelocks who fought in "Colored Regiments". I had assumed that these might be former slaves, but at least one of them has been firmly identified as a white northerner. (Edwin Miller Wheelock, abolitionist, descendant of Charles Wheelock from Ireland). Another, Joseph W. Wheelock, is probably a descendant of Ralph.</div>
<div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Charles Wheelock</span></h3>
<div>
<charles wheelock slide></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The highest ranking descendant of Rev. Ralph Wheelock to fight in the Civil War was Brevet Brigadier-General Charles Wheelock, commander of the NY 97th Regiment. The most interesting story about Charles involves the Battle at Gettysburg. He lead the NY 97th in that battle, where his regiment suffered heavy losses - more than half were killed and captured. Wheelock himself was captured, after finding sanctuary in a nearby farmhouse, owned by a Miss Carrie Sheads. As the story goes: He was cornered there by rebel soldiers, but refused to surrender his sword - asking instead to be shot.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<picture of farmhouse></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
As it turns out, that farmhouse still stands in Gettysburg. It's a historical landmark, celebrated partly because it still has a shell from the battle, protruding from the south wall. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
At any rate, Wheelock stubbornly refused to give up his sword, and while the capturing officer was temporarily distracted, he gave it to Carrie, who hid it in the folds of her dress. When the officer returned, Wheelock convinced him that another Confederate troop had taken the weapon. His captors led him out of the farmhouse, presumably to a prison somewhere. But Col Wheelock somehow managed to escape his capture, and after a 6 day journey by foot through rebel infested territory, he finally regained the Union lines. Later, he went back to the farmhouse to retrieve his sword.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In her journal Carrie Sheads wrote:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<i>"It was a sad sight to see them take that grey headed veteran, but it was a joyful sight to see him return and reclaim his sword." </i></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
There is much more to the story than this; if you're interested in the full account, you can google "Carrie Sheads", or consult the book written about the NY 97th, which also has a full biography of Charles Wheelock, and is listed in the bibliography.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Julia Wheelock</span></h3>
<div>
<picture of Julia or her book></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Julia Susan Wheelock was another member of the Wheelock family tree to make notable contributions to the Civil War effort. Her story begins on September 10th, 1862 when she received notice at her home in Michigan that her brother Orville had been seriously wounded at the Battle of Chantilly. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
On receiving this news, Julia immediately left her home for Alexandria, where he had been hospitalized. Sadly, he died before she got there; but she managed to find the attending nurse who was with him when he died. Her account of his death moved her deeply, and the two women became close friends. Rather than returning to the comfort of her home in Michigan, Julia chose to stay in Alexandria for the remainder of the war, to work with the Michigan Relief Association, attending and helping wounded soldiers. She kept a detailed diary of her experiences, from which she later wrote a book called "The Boys in White: The Experience of a Hospital Agent in and Around Washington". The book sold reasonably well. It was out of print for many years; but recently Julia was inducted into the "Michigan Women's Hall of Fame", and the book has been reprinted, and is available at Amazon.com.</div>
<div>
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Wheelocks in the Industrial Revolution</span></h2>
<div>
Since we are so close to the Blackstone River Valley, it's important to say something about the role that the Wheelocks played in the Industrial Revolution. It's often said that the Blackstone River Valley was the birthplace of the American Industrial Revolution; and the Wheelock family played significant roles in developing some of the technologies that powered the Industrial Revolution.</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Jerry Wheelock</span></h3>
<div>
<Picture of the Stanley Wollen Mill></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This is the Stanley Woolen Mill in Uxbridge, near the Blacksone Canal. This was the longest locally owned mill in Uxbridge, operating continuously by the Taft and Wheelock families from 1833 to 1989. This mill helped pioneer the manufacture of cashmeres, and was one of the first to use power looms developed specifically for woolens. It manufactured military uniforms from the Civil War through World War I, and is said to be the first US mill to specialize completely in the manufacture of woolen garments, primarily mens wear for the domestic market3.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Jerry Wheelock, born shortly after the Revolutionary War, was the first member of the Wheelock family to become involved in the woolen business. He was a natural mechanic, and formed his own company to manufacture machines used in the woolen mills. He was the inventor of numerous devices and improvements that made wool manufacturing more efficient and economical. Many generations of the Wheelock family continued in the business after him. Stanley Woolen Mill is named after his g-grandson, Stanley Wheelock; and, amazingly, there are still members of the Wheelock family running related businesses in Uxbrdge.</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Jerome Wheelock</span></h3>
<div>
<Picture of Jerome, with sign in front of the Wheelock Engine Company></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Another local Wheelock that played a significant role in the Industrial Revolution was Jerome Wheelock, of Grafton. He ran away from home at the age of 15, and somehow evaded discovery for years, until he became old enough to legally live on his own. While his parents probably viewed this as a troubling start to life, he ended up doing all right for himself. Wheelock specialized in steam engines, and made numerous improvements to them, the first being the Wheelock Steam Cylinder Packing, which he patented in 1864. This invention was widely adopted by all steam engine manufacturers, and it gave him the financial freedom to start the Wheelock Engine Company in Worcester. From there he made and patented many further improvements to the steam engine, which won him awards and accolades at shows and expositions all over the world. His steam engines were manufactured internationally, and made him a very rich man.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
He was obviously a man who cared about his legacy, making generous endowments to his home town of Grafton, which were used to fund the library there, and to erect a statue of himself which stands at the center of town. He established the Jerome Wheelock Fund at Harvard and Clark University, and left a bequest to the City of Worcester to erect statues in his honor. I've also noted that he has the largest headstone I've ever seen in the Worcester Rural Cemetery, dwarfing everything around it.</div>
<div>
<h2>
<span style="color: blue;">Famous Wheelock Descendants</span></h2>
<div>
Finally, I thought it might be interesting to list other famous descendants of Ralph that people are likely to have heard of. </div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Col Douglas Wheelock</span></h3>
<div>
Colonel Douglas Wheelock is an astronout who travelled aboard Space Shuttle Discovery in 2007 for a 2-week stay at the space station. During that stay he did 3 space walks to move and repair the solar arrays.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In 2010 he travelled on a Russion Soyuz spacecraft for a long term stay at the space station. During this stay, an emergency shutdown of the space station's cooling system forced him to engage in three unplanned space walks to make repairs, for which he won two international awards for bravery.</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Matt Damon</span></h3>
<div>
Matt probably needs no introduction. He descends from Ralph through his daughter Record, who lived in the part of Marlborough that is now Northborough, MA.</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Emily Dickinson</span></h3>
<div>
Also a descendant of Record, though her relationship to Matt Damon is fairly distant.</div>
<div>
John Hall Wheelock</div>
<div>
Was an award winning poet, and editor at Charles Scribner and Sons.</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Professional Baseball Players</span></h3>
<div>
(Bobby Wheelock, Gary Richard Wheelock)</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Entrepreneurs</span></h3>
<div>
(Thomas R. Wheelock – Wheelock & Company)</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Achitects</span></h3>
<div>
(Merril Wheelock – Boston, Masonic Temple, corner Boylston & Tremont; Otis L. Wheelock – Chicago)</div>
<h3>
<span style="color: blue;">Outlaws</span></h3>
<div>
Oscar Merritt Wheelock (aka “dynamite devil”)</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This, I'm sure, is not a complete list - there are no doubt other notable descendants that have yet to be identified. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9160331925044687205.post-33214191072371042622016-05-26T05:25:00.001-07:002016-07-23T07:29:58.835-07:00Josephus Wheelock, Southern LoyalistI just finished a fascinating research project on Josephus Wheelock (1792-1872), son of John Wheelock and Dorothy Wilder of Heath, MA. Josephus is one of the few with the Wheelock surname who moved from New England to the southern states before the start of the civil war. He was born in Heath, MA in 1792, and fought for Vermont in the War of 1812. Sometime after that he moved to Alabama, probably in the late 1810s or early 1820s. The Creek War of 1813-1814 had forced the Creek Indians to cede roughly 23 million acres of land over to white settlement, much of it in central and southern Alabama. After that, the white population of Alabama grew rapidly, from 9,046 in 1810 to 309,527 by 1830, in what has been called "Alabama Fever", an influx of migration driven by a rapidly growing world wide market for cotton. (ref: <a href="http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-3155">www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-3155</a>)<br />
<br />
Josephus was likely swept up in these events. He married a woman from South Carolina, name unknown, probably in the late 1810s. Though he doesn't appear in the census prior to 1840, records indicate that he made land purchases in Tuscaloosa Co, Alabama between 1827 and 1839. In 1840, he is living in Tuscaloosa, with his wife, ten children, and eleven slaves.<br />
<br />
By this time, slavery was well entrenched in the Alabama economy. The European demand for cotton, as well as demand from New England clothing mills created a lucrative market for cotton production in the south. As plantation agriculture grew, so did Alabama's slave population. In 1819, when Alabama attained statehood, slaves accounted for 30 percent of the population. By 1861, it had grown to 45 percent.<br />
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With the 1832 Treaty of Pontotoc, the Chickasaws ceded all of their land east of the Mississippi to the American government. (ref: <a href="http://www.tngenweb.org/tnfirst/chicksaw/">http://www.tngenweb.org/tnfirst/chicksaw/</a>, <a href="https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/36041opsmb?view=print">https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/36041opsmb?view=print</a>) This included most of northern Mississippi. In 1836, Tishomingo Co, Mississippi was created from a portion of this ceded land. Shortly thereafter Josephus' son, John settled in Tishomingo, and by 1845 his father had settled there too, where he would remain for the rest of his days.<br />
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Josephus continued to own slaves until at least 1860, though by then his holdings had dwindled down to three. Despite his status as a slave owner, and despite the fact that his sons, Joseph and Jay served in the Confederate Army, Josephus was a southern loyalist during the civil war, with allegiance to the Union. At the end of the war, Congress created the "Southern Claims Commission", through which pro-Union Southerners could apply for reimbursement for their losses during the war. Josephus made such a claim for the amount of $12,377.16, for items taken by Union soldiers, damaged, and otherwise lost during Union occupation. Josephus died while the petition was still pending, at which point his son John took over administration of the petition. (Src: "U.S. Southern Claims Commission, Disallowed and Barred Claims, 1871-1880", online at www.ancestry.com, May 2016.)<br />
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At least two of his sons fought for the Confederacy; both moved to Monroe Co, Arkansas before the war started. His son John continued to live nearby until Josephus' death, after which he moved to Texas with his family.<br />
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One can only imagine what conflicts tore at the family because of divided loyalties. But one thing can be certain, Josephus' family was but one of many. Loyalties were bitterly divided across the south. Surprisingly, nearly every Confederate state raised at least one battalion of white soldiers to serve in the Union army. Alabama, for example, raised 3000 soldiers to fight for the north (ref: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Unionist">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Unionist</a>). In another indication of the divisions, twenty-three of the fifty-two counties in Alabama voted against secession (ref: <a href="http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~arcivwar/loyal.htm">http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~arcivwar/loyal.htm</a>)<br />
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Josephus' wife, Mehitable, or Mabel as it appears in most of the census records, moved back to her hometown of Jericho, VT after Josephus died. How he and Mabel met is a mystery, given that they lived so far apart. Most likely they knew each other when Josephus lived up north. Both of their spouses died before 1850; they probably took the opportunity to act on their previous relationship, and get married.<br />
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The records have yielded few clues to the name of Josephus' first wife. The census records for her children state that she was born in South Carolina. The 1840 census implies she was born between 1800 and 1810. There is a tantalizing post on the Mississippi Tishomingo Co Rootsweb Archives that may prove to be a clue. The post states that a Matilda Wheelock (2 Feb 1801 - 26 Mar 1847), wife of J. W. Wheelock, is buried in an unnamed cemetery on Eastport Rd, in Tishomingo Co, MS. Could this be Josephus' first wife?Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9160331925044687205.post-42285998869999364352016-02-15T05:04:00.001-08:002016-02-15T05:04:36.033-08:00The Post University Years of Ralph Wheelock and the Timing of His Travel to Massachusetts<h2>
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Introduction and Motivation</span></h2>
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The research that went into writing this piece arose out of a discussion with a friend and fellow Wheelock enthusiast about the date that Rev. Ralph Wheelock came to Massachusetts. Did he come in 1637, or perhaps earlier in 1636? My friend maintained that the earlier date is more likely, especially given that Wheelock had to cross the ocean, make his way to Dedham, where he settled, build a house, all before the winter weather set in. But I think the commonly accepted 1637 date is correct, and it fits well with the evidence, cited below. </div>
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Wheelock's Early Life in England</span></h2>
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Ralph Wheelock was born in 1600, in Shropshire, England,<sup>1</sup> at a time when religious tensions were building to a climax. The Church of England, established by Henry VIII, was less than a hundred years old; it had not yet found a stable footing, and there were strong belief systems pulling it in different directions. The Puritan movement was one of those belief systems, seeking change within the church. Contrast with the Separatists (e.g. the Pilgrims) who felt change was impossible, and chose to separate and form a new church. The Puritan movement was 35 years old when Ralph was born. As suggested by the name, it was a movement to "purify" the Church of England - rid it of it's vestiges of Catholicism, remove the ritual ceremonies, and restore God as the head of the church. Not surprisingly, this ran counter to the monarchy, who wanted to retain it's own position as the head of the church.</div>
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It was within this conflict that Ralph Wheelock attended Clare Hall in Cambridge, where he obtained his Master of Arts in 1631.<sup>2</sup> Cambridge was at the center of the Puritan movement, and Ralph would have been in the thick of it. Many of the Puritans who graduated from Cambridge became Anglican priests, hoping to reform their local churches from within. Ralph was one of these, having been ordained by Francis White of the Norfolk Diocese in May 1630.<sup>4</sup> After this date, he remained near Cambridge for six years or so, serving as local curate in Eccles, where his signature appears on the parish register<sup>5</sup>, and where two of his children were baptized.<sup>4</sup> During this period, non-conformist preachers were under significant pressure, threatened with dismissal from their positions, excommunication, and imprisonment. Some, like John Cotton, were summoned to the High Court for their non-conformist practices, where they would have been required to recant, or face imprisonment. To escape this fate or worse, they were forced to flee. Holland and the West Indies were common destinations for fleeing Puritans. The Massachusetts Bay Colony received it's charter in 1629, and it quickly became a desired destination.<br />
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According to early family lore, Wheelock and family sailed for the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1637.<sup>1,6</sup> While en route, his wife gave birth to a daughter, Peregrina.<sup>7</sup> The exact circumstances of his departure is not known, but one can imagine that events came to a head in England, with conflict and repression of Puritan dissenters making life difficult, even dangerous. He may have left under duress, as had so many others, a notion supported by the fact that his wife was nearly to term at the time. But this is speculation, the facts have yet to be revealed.<br />
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The precise arrival date of Ralph Wheelock in Watertown, Massachusetts is not known, nor is it known on what ship he came. But he must not have spent much time there, because on 14 July 1637 he appears at a town meeting in Dedham, having signed the Dedham Covenant by that date, and is admitted as a resident of the frontier town:<sup>8</sup><br />
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"Ralph Wheelocke Thomas Cakebread & Henry Phillipps admitted who subscribed accordingly." </blockquote>
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His arrival in 1637 seems certain. There are no earlier records of Ralph Wheelock in Massachusetts prior to the July 1637 date. He must have left England in early 1637, perhaps March or April. McClure states that it was a long trip, and that they turned backed once. Voyages across the Atlantic took anywhere from 6 weeks to 6 months, depending on the weather, and how far astray they sailed. So they could have left in March, turned back, left again in April, and arrived in June or early July. The timeline of Wheelock's arrival in Dedham fits well with the family history. </div>
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Wheelock may have had Dedham as a destination in mind when he left England. Members of the families with whom he associated in Eccles and vicinity also ended up in Dedham;<sup>3</sup> it's possible that Rev. Ralph Wheelock had his eye on the minister's job there - even before leaving the kingdom. Unfortunately, he didn't get that job, nor was he appointed Ruling Elder, which was a source of disappointment to him.<sup>9</sup> But despite that setback, the respect for him held by residents of Dedham was evident in the positions he occupied over the course of the next 14 years. In 1639 he and seven others were chosen for "ye ordering of towne affayers according unto Courte Order in that behalf." The powers that these eight men had were probably similar to the town selectmen of modern times. He was also appointed to assist the surveyor ("measurer") in laying out the lot parcels and the boundaries of the town. He was declared a freeman on 13 Mar 1638/9. In 1642, he was appointed the General Court clerk of writs. On 1 Feb 1644 a Dedham town meeting voted for the first free school in Massachusetts, to be supported by town taxes. Rev. Ralph Wheelock was the first teacher at this school, and probably the first public school teacher in the country. In 1645 he was appointed one of the commissioners authorized to "solemnize" marriages, which at the time was a civil rather than religious duty. In the late 1640's Dedham was becoming quite populous, and it was decided to establish a new town, Medfield, farther up the Charles River. Rev. Ralph Wheelock was appointed leader of this effort, and has ever since been known as the "founder of Medfield".<sup>9,10</sup></div>
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References and Notes</span></h2>
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<li>Most of what is known about Ralph Wheelock's early life, and his voyage from England to Massachusetts comes from the Memoirs of Eleazar Wheelock, DD, by David McClure and Elijah Parish. McClure was an associate of Rev. Eleazar Wheelock, Ralph's great-grandson; the information, no doubt, came directly from Eleazar, who must have gotten it from his grandfather, Ralph's son. McClure says (page 11): "<i>Mr. Ralph Wheelock was born in Shropshire in England, in the year 1600. He was educated at Clare Hall, in Cambridge University, and became an eminent preacher of the gospel. With thousands of pious people, he suffered persecution for nonconformity to the established religion. He therefore, at the age of thirty seven years, determined on a removal to New England. The ship in which he embarked was once driven back by tempests, the voyage was long and distressing. While at sea his lady was delivered of a daughter. On his arrival, he settled in the town of Dedham, Massachusetts...</i>"</li>
<li>"Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900", edited by John Venn (1834–1923) and his son John Archibald Venn (1883–1958), published by Cambridge University Press in ten volumes between 1922 and 1953. Online at <a href="http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/acad/2016/search-2016.html">http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/acad/2016/search-2016.html</a></li>
<li>"The English Ancestry of Joseph Clark (1613 - 1683) of Dedham and Medfield, Massachusetts", by Christopher Gleason Clark, published in The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Volume 152, January 1998.</li>
<li>"Mr. Wheelock's Cure", by Christopher Gleason Clark, published in The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Volume 152, July 1998. </li>
<li>Ibid, Ralph Wheelock's signature appears on the Eccles parish register pages dated 1629-1633, and 1633-1636.</li>
<li>"The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles, D.D., LL.D., President of Yale College", editted by Frank Bowditch Dexter, M.A., Vol II, Charles Scribner & Sons, NY, 1901. Ezra Stiles was an associate of Dr. Eleazar Wheelock, and cites a passage from an elegy given on the death of Rev. Ralph Wheelock, by John Wilson, the minister at Medfield, whom Wheelock knew directly. The passage goes like this: <i>In Sixteen hundred thirty seven/It was hither he came/When spread there was the Leaven/of Heresy by Name. </i>This date surely comes directly from Rev. Ralph Wheelock. Accessed online Feb 2016, at <a href="https://goo.gl/UoQFGw">https://goo.gl/UoQFGw</a></li>
<li>McClure states that Wheelock's wife gave birth to a daughter at sea. Since the birth of all of Wheelock's children except Peregrina are accounted for in England and Massachusetts, it follows that Peregrina must have been the one. The name is appropriate; <i>perigrinare</i> in latin means "to travel in foreign lands".</li>
<li>"The Early Records of the Town of Dedham, MA, 1636-1639", Vol III, by Don Gleason Hill, pg 32. Accessed online, Feb 2016 <a href="https://goo.gl/p6Lavr">https://goo.gl/p6Lavr</a>.</li>
<li>"Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635-1890", by Robert Brand Hanson, 1976, published by the Dedham Historical Society, pg 41.</li>
<li>"Mr Ralph Wheelock, Puritan", a paper read before the Connecticut Historical Society, Nov 7th, 1899, with an appendix by Thomas S. Wheelock. Accessed online, Feb 2016 <a href="https://goo.gl/M1Fo2i">https://goo.gl/M1Fo2i</a></li>
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Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9160331925044687205.post-53129531959119004262016-01-18T04:09:00.001-08:002016-01-18T07:43:14.421-08:00The Wheelock Ancestry of Brigadier General Charles Wheelock (1812 - 1865)<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;"><a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/pages/cw_bio.htm">General Charles Wheelock</a>, Civil War veteran and hero, was born in Claremont, NH, 14 Dec 1812. He was the son of Daniel Wheelock and Lucinda Stewart, who were married in Claremont 28 Aug 1796. </span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">The ancestry of his father, Daniel Wheelock, is not known for certain. The oral tradition of his descendants states that he was born in Uxbridge, MA, 14 June 1768, the son of Daniel Wheelock and Beulah Albee. But there is no marriage record for Daniel Wheelock and Beulah Albee to support this claim, nor is there any birth record for Daniel matching the 14 June 1768 date. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">The tradition goes on to claim that Daniel's father is the son of Daniel Wheelock (1707-1793) and Deborah Darling of Uxbridge, MA. The father was born 13 Aug 1744, so the date is consistent with the 1768 birth date of our Daniel. However, it is well established that his supposed father, Daniel (born 13 Aug 1744) married Keziah Hunt not Beulah Albee. This is proven by his 1781 </span><a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/pages/dw1_will.htm" style="background-color: white; color: #4f789f; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">will</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">, which mentions his wife, Keziah, and his children, none of whom are named Daniel. This marriage is also supported by his grandfather's </span><a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/pages/dw2_will.htm" style="background-color: white; color: #4f789f; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">will</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;"> (Daniel Wheelock, Sr, married to Deborah Darling), who mentions the grandchildren, sons of Daniel and Keziah; again, none of whom are named Daniel. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">So the vital records seem to have nothing to say about our Daniel Wheelock. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">None of this disproves the oral history of Daniel's heritage. It is possible that Daniel was the son of Daniel Wheelock and Beulah Albee. One possible scenario goes like this. Beulah Albee had a child out of wedlock, fathered by Daniel Wheelock (1744-1781), son of Daniel and Deborah. This probably happened before Daniel married Keziah Hunt, and would explain why none of Daniel and Keziah's children are named Daniel. It would also explain why Daniel's birth was not recorded in the vital records of Uxbridge; recording out of wedlock births was not a common practice. After giving birth to Daniel Wheelock, Beulah Albee married Israel Sabin in 1770, then moved to Richmond, NH. It's possible that she and Israel raised Daniel Wheelock in NH. This would explain why Daniel lived and married in Claremont, NH, not far from Richmond. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">Is there any direct evidence to support this narrative? Perhaps there are probate records or land transactions in NH that might establish a connection between Daniel Wheelock, who married Lucinda Stewart, and Israel Sabin/Beulah Albee. Better yet would be a land transaction establishing a connection between the presumed father, Daniel Wheelock who married Keziah Hunt, and either our Daniel, or Israel Sabin or Beulah Albee. Daniel Wheelock did have land interests in NH - he left land in Franconia to his sons. (See his will </span><a href="http://www.wheelockgenealogy.com/pages/dw1_will.htm" style="background-color: white; color: #4f789f; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">here</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">.) So this may not be far fetched. </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px;">If anyone has positive evidence to support or contradict the oral tradition, I would love to hear about it.</span>Rick Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14779109326866003296noreply@blogger.com4